Effectiveness of combination of perindopril and indapamide on ambulatory arterial stiffness index in Vietnamese patients with primary hypertension

Abstract

Arterial stiffness is an independent prognostic factor for predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to investigate the rate of increase in arterial stiffness index and the relationship between the ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) with some cardiovascular risks and the change of AASI after 3 months of treatment with perindopril/indapamide (PER/IND). We conducted this research on 75 untreated hypertensive patients at Can Tho University of medicine and pharmacy, Viet Nam. AASI and pulse pressure (PP) were calculated from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure results. Our study showed that the mean AASI is 0.44±0.14. Female’s increased AASI is capable of 4.38 times as much as the male. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) can increase arterial stiffness index about 3.93 times as much as the non-hypertrophy group ( p <0.05). AASI is positively correlated with mean pulse pressure and age with r=0.37 and r=0.3 ( p <0.05). After 3 months of treatment, results analysis of the subgroup revealed that AASI decreased 0.06±0.15 in women ( p <0.05). AASI reduced significantly in the group of people aged 65 or more with a mean change to 0.11±0.12 ( p <0.05). Moreover, the group of patients with grade 2 hypertension also indicated that AASI reduced 0.05±0.14 in post-treatment. In conclusion, AASI has been associated with several cardiovascular risk factors such as female, age, nocturnal non-dipper blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, and increased mean pulse pressure. PER/IND has effectively reduced arterial stiffness in Vietnamese patients with primary hypertension, especially women, the elderly, and grade 2 hypertension.