TESTING OF MAIZE HYBRIDS OF DIFFERENT MATURITY GROUPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Yaroslav Zaplitnyi, H. Kozak, I. S. Mikuliak, M. I. Linskaia, T. Karp, N. A. Bodenko, Dmytrovych, Vasylivna, Mykuliak Ivan, Stepanovych, Linska Mariia, Ivanivna, Yaroslavivna, Anatoliivna
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Abstract

The research results of maize hybrids of different maturity groups (FAO 199–399) during 2018–2020 in the conditions of the South-Western part of the Forest- Steppe of Ukraine are presented. 54 domestic registered and perspective hybrids of selection of various research institutions of Ukraine (SE Institute of Grain Crops NAAS, Plant Production Institute named after V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS, Selection and Genetics Institu-te – National Center for Seed Production and Variety Studying, National Research Center Institute of Agriculture of NAAS, Bukovynian State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS) were studied. The planting density of early ripening hybrids was 70, mid-early ripening – 60, mid-ripening – 50 thousand plants/ha. Plants were evaluated for uniformity, resistance to stem breakage below the productive ear, the damage degree by boil smut, resistance to root lodging and general condition were determined. All maize hybrids were characterized by high rating (8–9 points) on these traits. Over the years of research, the mid-early hybrids were more productive in the conditions of Bukovyna (9.06 t/ha), the mid-ripening hybrids - the least adapted to these conditions – (8.62 t/ha). The best samples with high grain yield and low grain moisture content at harvest were identified. On average for three years, DB Lada (9.64 t/ha) and DN Synevyr (9.43 t/ha) had the highest grain yield among the early-ripening hybrids, and DB Varta (10.81 t/ha), DB Khotyn (9.96 t/ha), and Kitsmanskyi 215 SV (9.61 t/ha) – among the middle-early one. It was found that DN Synevyr and DB Lada early-ripening hybrids and Kitsmanskyi 215 SV, DB Kho-tyn, DB Varta mid-early hybrids significantly exceeded the standards each year. In view of this, the hybrids of these maturity groups merit attention in the conditions of the South-Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Key words: hybrids, maize, selection, yield, harvesting moisture content, maturity group, lodging resistance.
乌克兰西南部森林草原条件下不同成熟期玉米杂交种的试验
介绍了2018-2020年在乌克兰森林草原西南部不同成熟期玉米杂交组合(FAO 199-399)的研究结果。乌克兰各研究机构(SE粮食作物研究所NAAS,植物生产研究所以V. Ya命名)的54个国内注册和前景选育杂交种。对中国科学院尤里耶夫、选择与遗传研究所-国家种子生产与品种研究中心、中国科学院农业研究所国家研究中心、中国科学院喀尔巴阡地区农业研究所布科维尼亚国家农业研究站进行了研究。早熟杂交种的种植密度为70万株/公顷,中早熟- 60万株/公顷,中成熟- 5万株/公顷。测定植株的均匀性、抗生产穗以下茎秆折断性、黑穗病危害程度、抗倒伏性和一般情况。所有玉米杂交种在这些性状上均具有较高的评分(8 ~ 9分)。在多年的研究中,中早熟杂交种在Bukovyna条件下的产量更高(9.06 t/ha),而最不适应这些条件的中成熟杂交种(8.62 t/ha)。确定了收获期籽粒含水率低、产量高的最佳样品。平均3年,早熟杂交种中产量最高的是拉达(9.64 t/ha)和Synevyr (9.43 t/ha),中早熟杂交种中产量最高的是Varta (10.81 t/ha)、Khotyn (9.96 t/ha)和Kitsmanskyi 215 SV (9.61 t/ha)。发现DN Synevyr和DB Lada早熟杂交种和Kitsmanskyi 215 SV、DB khotyn、DB Varta中早熟杂交种每年均显著超标。鉴于此,在乌克兰西南森林草原的条件下,这些成熟群体的杂交值得注意。关键词:杂交种,玉米,选择,产量,收获含水量,成熟期组,抗倒伏。
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