Influence of changes in extreme daily rainfall distribution on the stability of residual soil slopes

Abstract

ABSTRACT Many landslides triggered by intense rainfall have occurred in mountainous areas in Thailand, causing major economic losses and infrastructure damage. Extreme daily rainfall is a significant trigger for hillslope instability. Increases in extreme daily rainfall intensity due to climate change may be one of the key factors responsible for the increased landslides. Thus, in this context, changes in the intensity of extreme daily rainfall in Chiang Mai Province in North Thailand and their effects on hillslope stability are analyzed. Extreme rainfall is modeled using a generalized extreme value distribution and estimated for various return periods. A numerical analysis of seepage and an infinite slope stability model are combined to understand the hillslope response under extreme rainfall conditions. The analysis period is divided into two periods of 34 years: 1952 to 1985 and 1986 to 2019. According to the analysis results, the distribution of extreme daily rainfall changes in terms of location. The average annual daily maximum rainfall increased by approximately 11.13%. The maximum decrease in the safety factor is approximately 4.5%; therefore, these changes in extreme daily rainfall should be considered in future landslide prevention policies.