Potential of sonography in diagnosis of tongue tumors

N. Maksimova, M. Engibaryan, M. Ilchenko, L. Akopyan, V. Gurnak, A. S. Egorova, M. Cherkes
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Abstract

Purpose of the study. An analysis of sonography potential in the primary diagnosis and clinical staging of tongue cancer.Patients and methods. The study included 18 patients aged 40–70 years with tongue tumors. The majority accounted males – 14 (77.7 %). Women were represented by 4 (22.2 %) examinees. Ultrasound examinations were performed using expert-class ultrasound systems with broadband linear multifrequency transducers. Transoral examination with linear transducers required tumor location in the anterior and lateral parts of the oral tongue. During ultrasound examinations we evaluated: tumor shape, tumor invasion depth; tumor sizes – width and thickness; tumor echogenicity and structure; tumor vascularization in Doppler modes. The results were compared with the data of histological examination.Results. Transoral ultrasound examination of patients with tongue cancer allows clear visualization of the tumor and assessment of it’s spread. The study showed that the round shape of tongue tumors prevailed in 13 (72.2 %) patients, the tumor echo structure in 10 (55.5 %) was heterogeneous, the contours were even and clear in the majority of patients – 13 (72.2 %), all tumors showed a reduced acoustic density, the depth of invasion ranged from 2 to 6 mm in 8 (44.4 %) patients and exceeded 6 mm in 6 (33.3 %) patients, which corresponded to stages III and IV of the diseas. Doppler ultrasonography recorded intense intratumoral blood flow in 100 % of cases. In 8 (44.4 %) cases, metastatic lesions of the cervical lymph nodes were observed.Conclusion. Transoral ultrasound diagnosis of tongue cancer is a highly informative, safe and modern method providing surgeons with information that helps in choosing the scope of surgical treatment and in determining the disease prognosis at the preoperative stage. The accuracy of the method was 87 %, the sensitivity was 85 %, and the specificity was 86.2 %.
超声在舌部肿瘤诊断中的潜力
研究目的:舌癌的声像图初步诊断及临床分期分析。患者和方法。该研究包括18名年龄在40-70岁之间的舌肿瘤患者。男性占多数,有14人(77.7%)。女性有4人(22.2%)。超声检查采用专家级超声系统与宽带线性多频换能器。用线性换能器进行经口检查时,需要将肿瘤定位在口腔舌头的前部和外侧。超声检查时我们评估:肿瘤形态、肿瘤浸润深度;肿瘤大小-宽度和厚度;肿瘤的回声性和结构;多普勒模式下肿瘤血管化。结果与组织学检查资料进行比较。舌癌患者的经口超声检查可以清楚地看到肿瘤并评估其扩散情况。圆形的研究表明,舌头盛行肿瘤13例(72.2%)患者中,10例(55.5%)肿瘤回波结构是异构的,甚至和清晰的轮廓在大多数病人- 13(72.2%),肿瘤显示所有声学密度,减少入侵的深度范围从2到6毫米8例(44.4%)患者和超过6毫米6例(33.3%)患者,这与第三和第四阶段的疾病。多普勒超声在100%的病例中记录了强烈的肿瘤内血流。8例(44.4%)患者出现颈部淋巴结转移。舌癌经口超声诊断是一种信息丰富、安全且现代化的方法,可为外科医生提供信息,帮助他们选择手术治疗范围,并在术前阶段确定疾病预后。方法的准确度为87%,灵敏度为85%,特异度为86.2%。
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