Urologic and Urinary Manifestations of Sarcoidosis

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease than most commonly affects the lungs, but concomitant -or exceptionally isolated- extrapulmonary involvement is frequent. Urologic symptoms may occur in a patient known with sarcoidosis or may reveal the disease. The present review illustrates the protean nature of the disease, which can manifest with any of the common urologic symptoms and can be mistaken for other conditions such as infection and cancer. An insight into diagnostic and therapeutic management is also proposed. We hope to increase awareness about urologic manifestations of sarcoidosis in order to help the clinicians avoiding misdiagnosis, which could expose the patients to unnecessary medications or surgical procedures, progressive disease, recurrence and long-term sequelae.