Human response to local convective and radiant cooling in a warm environment

A. Melikov, Barbora Krejcirikova, J. Kaczmarczyk, M. Duszyk, T. Sakoi
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引用次数: 42

Abstract

The response of 24 human subjects to local convective cooling, radiant cooling, and combined radiant and convective cooling was studied at 28°C and 50% relative humidity. The local cooling devices used were (1) a tabletop cooling fan, (2) personalized ventilation providing a stream of clean air, (3) radiant panels below and above the desk in front of the desk occupant, and (4) the same two radiant panels but with small fans blowing room air toward the upper panel to be cooled and redirected toward the person. A reference condition without cooling was also tested. The cooling devices significantly (p < 0.05) improved subjects’ thermal comfort compared to the condition without cooling. The acceptability of the thermal environment was similar for all cooling devices. The acceptability of air movement and perceived air quality increased when local cooling methods were used. The best results were achieved with personalized ventilation or the tabletop fan. Only minimal improvement in perceived air quality was reported when the radiant panel was used alone, indicating that in a warm environment, local convective cooling is superior to local radiant cooling as a means of improving perceived air quality. The intensity of the reported sick building syndrome symptoms increased during the exposure time, with or without cooling devices in operation. Air movement had very little effect on sick building syndrome symptoms, but they increased when the pollution level was high. The lowest prevalence of symptoms was reported with personalized ventilation and with the radiant panel with attached fans, which also caused subjects to report less fatigue. Sick building syndrome symptoms increased most when the tabletop fan, generating movement of polluted room air, was in operation. The temperature of the inhaled air rather than any local cooling of the head was associated with sick building syndrome symptoms, although this needs further study. The most preferred cooling method was personalized ventilation for six subjects, fan for eight subjects, and radiant panel (or radiant panel + fans) for nine subjects.
人类对温暖环境中局部对流和辐射冷却的反应
在28°C和50%相对湿度条件下,研究了24名人体受试者对局部对流冷却、辐射冷却以及辐射和对流联合冷却的响应。使用的局部冷却装置是(1)桌面冷却风扇,(2)提供清洁空气流的个性化通风,(3)办公桌使用者前面桌子下方和上方的辐射板,以及(4)相同的两个辐射板,但有小风扇将房间空气吹向上面的面板,以冷却并重新引导到人身上。还测试了一个没有冷却的参考条件。与不制冷条件相比,制冷装置显著提高了被试的热舒适性(p < 0.05)。所有冷却装置的热环境可接受性是相似的。当使用局部冷却方法时,空气流动的可接受性和感知空气质量增加。个性化通风或桌面风扇的效果最好。当单独使用辐射板时,仅报告了对感知空气质量的微小改善,这表明在温暖环境中,局部对流冷却优于局部辐射冷却作为改善感知空气质量的手段。在有或没有冷却装置的情况下,所报告的病态建筑综合征症状的强度在暴露时间内增加。空气流动对病态建筑综合症症状的影响很小,但当污染水平高时,它们会增加。个性化通风和附带风扇的辐射板报告的症状发生率最低,这也导致受试者报告的疲劳程度较低。当产生室内空气污染的桌面风扇运行时,病态建筑综合症的症状增加最多。吸入空气的温度而不是头部的任何局部冷却与病态建筑综合征症状有关,尽管这需要进一步研究。最受欢迎的冷却方式是6名受试者的个性化通风,8名受试者的风扇,9名受试者的辐射板(或辐射板+风扇)。
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来源期刊
HVAC&R Research
HVAC&R Research 工程技术-工程:机械
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