Abstract A157: Preclinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of AB680, a small-molecule CD73 inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy

Abstract

Introduction: Extracellular adenosine (ADO), present at high concentrations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), suppresses immune function via inhibition of T-cell, natural killer (NK) cell, and dendritic cell (DC) activation. Intratumoral generation of ADO depends on the sequential catabolism of ATP by two ecto-nucleotidases CD39 (ATP→AMP) and CD73 (AMP→ADO). Inhibition of CD73 eliminates a major pathway of ADO production in the TME and can reverse ADO-mediated immune suppression. Here we present the preclinical characterization of AB680, a novel, highly potent, reversible and selective small-molecule inhibitor of CD73, currently in preclinical development as a potential antitumor agent. The link between CD73 levels present in different tissues, efficacy in mouse tumor models, plasma and tumor exposure, and projected human pharmacokinetic (PK) profile can be combined to provide an expected AB680 dosing strategy for the upcoming first-in-human clinical trial. Methods: The potency of AB680 against human CD73 was determined using CHO-CD73 cells, blood CD8+ T-cells, recombinant human CD73, and serum/plasma using either malachite green assay, AMP-Glo assay, or LCMS/MS. The selectivity of AB680 against related ecto-nucleotidases was also assessed using similar methods. Quantitation of soluble CD73 in mouse and human serum, and mouse tumor homogenates, was performed via in-house developed and validated ELISA or Western blot methods. Syngeneic mouse tumor models were established to assess the efficacy of AB680 at multiple doses. AB680 levels in plasma and tumor associated with each dosing regimen were determined via LCMS/MS. The potency of AB680 in an intratumoral setting was determined using various biochemical methods. The effects of AB680 on syngeneic tumor volumes were assessed in prophylactic and therapeutic settings. The PK properties of AB680 were evaluated in multiple preclinical species and a projected human dosing schedule for AB680 was determined via allometric scaling. Results: AB680 is a highly potent, reversible and selective inhibitor of CD73 activity (IC50 Citation Format: Joanne B.L. Tan, Jie Chen, Elaine Ginn, Devika Ashok, Amy E Anderson, Jesus Banuelos, Kristen Zhang, Amber Pham, Timothy Park, Ada Chen, Xiaoning Zhao, Kenneth K.V. Lawson, Jenna Jeffreys, Jarek Kalisiak, Manmohan R. Leleti, Matthew J. Walters, Jay P. Powers. Preclinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of AB680, a small-molecule CD73 inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A157.