Levels of Heavy Metals in the Soil of Illegal Open Dumpsites in Malaysia

K. Tang, Zhu Hang Goh
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Abstract

This study aims to understand the soil impacts of illegal dumpsites in Malaysia through quantifying the heavy metals in the soil of two dumpsites, one receiving construction waste and the other receiving municipal solid waste. Five soil samples were collected from each dumpsite, and sampling was repeated in the second week to examine the temporal changes in the levels of heavy metals. All sampling was conducted in triplicates. The soil samples were sieved, dried, and digested with aqua regia at 70 °C, after which the digested mixtures were filtered. The filtrates were diluted and tested with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer for heavy metals. The soil heavy metal concentration ranges were as follows: Al (24.67-142.20 mg/kg), Cd (< 0.01-0.083 mg/kg), Cu (0.10-14.99 mg/kg), Fe (11.20-241.77 mg/kg), Mn (0.09-22.60 mg/kg), Ni (0.02- 0.77 mg/kg), and Zn (0.14-35.03 mg/kg). All the heavy metals have been detected at all the sampling points except that the Cd levels at some sampling points were below the detection limit. The levels of heavy metals varied spatially and temporally, though higher Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn were detected consistently at two sampling points of the dumpsite receiving municipal waste. This could be linked to the electrical and electronic waste at the dumpsite. The levels of heavy metals in the soil did not constitute soil contamination. However, it is important to control illegal dumping activities to reduce the associated health and safety concerns, such as infestation of vermin, fire, physical hazards, and odor.
马来西亚非法露天垃圾场土壤中的重金属含量
本研究旨在通过对马来西亚两个非法垃圾场(一个接收建筑垃圾,另一个接收城市固体垃圾)土壤中的重金属进行量化,了解非法垃圾场对土壤的影响。从每个垃圾场收集了五个土壤样本,并在第二周重复采样,以检查重金属水平的时间变化。所有的抽样都是三次进行的。土壤样品经过筛分,干燥,并用王水在70°C下消化,然后过滤消化后的混合物。滤液稀释后用原子吸收分光光度计测定重金属含量。土壤重金属浓度范围为:Al (24.67 ~ 142.20 mg/kg)、Cd (< 0.01 ~ 0.083 mg/kg)、Cu (0.10 ~ 14.99 mg/kg)、Fe (11.20 ~ 241.77 mg/kg)、Mn (0.09 ~ 22.60 mg/kg)、Ni (0.02 ~ 0.77 mg/kg)、Zn (0.14 ~ 35.03 mg/kg)。除部分采样点的Cd水平低于检测限外,所有采样点均检测到重金属。重金属含量在空间和时间上存在差异,但在接收城市垃圾的垃圾场的两个采样点均检测到较高的Cd、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni和Zn。这可能与垃圾场的电气和电子废物有关。土壤中重金属含量不构成土壤污染。然而,重要的是要控制非法倾倒活动,以减少相关的健康和安全问题,例如害虫的侵扰、火灾、身体危害和气味。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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