Major Complication Associated With Diabetes Mellitus Type II in Punjab and Khyber Paktunkhwa Population

Abstract

Type-II diabetes mellitus is a particularly heterogeneous and multifactorial metabolic disorder that is characterized by a combination of insulin insufficiency and insulin resistance. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has risen exponentially over the last three decades, with resultant increase in morbidity and mortality mainly due to its complications. Data of 400 individuals affected with diabetes mellitus type II were collected from different hospitals of Lahore (Punjab) and Dera Ismail khan (KPK) during the year 2016-2017. Two hundred individual data recruited from Punjab out of them 90 (45%) were male; while from KPK 107 (53.5%) were male. The age of these patients were range between 17 to 90 years but most of the patients fall in the range between 40-60 years. The mean age of patients of Punjab 52.6 ± 11.2 and KPK 50.31 ± 12.0. Patients are mostly belonging to urban areas (70%) in Punjab while in KPK from rural areas (62.5%). In Punjab 45% patients have the knowledge about diabetes management and complication while in KPK only 25% affected individuals have awareness about the disease. Results showed that cardiovascular risk in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is 40%, nephropathy and foot ulcer is present in same percentage (9%). On the other side, the percentage of cardiovascular complication in Punjab is 26%, nephropathy is 14% and foot ulcer is 12%. There is need of Increases awareness of these complications among patients and populations, this facilitate early detection and prevention of these diseases. The earlier diagnosis, timely appropriate treatment may help in avoiding severe, irreversible disability and deformity, which can be done with the tool of patient education and conducting seminar to increase awareness.