CONVERSION OF RBMK-1000 REACTORS TO REPROCESSED FUEL WITH AN INCREASED CONTENT OF EVEN URANIUM ISOTOPES

Yu. I. Alimov, N. Galeyeva, V. Davydov, A. Zhirnov, P. Kuznetsov, I. Rozhdestvenskiy
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Abstract

The structure of the Russian nuclear power industry includes reactors with different designed fuel enrichment. It is possible to mix, in certain proportions, nuclear fuel (NF) from various reactors, thus closing the nuclear fuel cycle. Reprocessed uranium is a product of radiochemical reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from NF with a high initial enrichment. Use of uranium-erbium fuel based on reprocessed uranium is planned for the RBMK-1000 reactor. Along with 235U and 238U, SNF contains non-fissionable ballast isotopes of uranium (232, 234, 236 U). The 232,234U isotopes have a relatively high radioactivity and the presence of these leads to an increased dose rate of ionizing radiation but, due to their small content in fuel, does not affect the neutron balance, the neutron multiplication factor, and the reactivity margin. A large presence of 236U requires additional enrichment with 235U due a greater probability of inefficient neutron absorption by the 236U nuclei. This absorption with no fission leads to a reduced neutron multiplication factor, a reduced reactivity margin in fresh fuel, and a smaller burn-up of unloaded fuel. Analyzing the effects the increased content of even uranium isotopes (IEI) has on the reactor’s neutronic performance and fuel burn-up makes it possible to determine the amount of additional 235U fuel enrichment to make up for the negative effects of 236U on the RBMK-1000 neutronic performance.
将rbmk-1000反应堆转化为含有更多铀同位素的后处理燃料
俄罗斯核电工业的结构包括不同设计的燃料浓缩反应堆。以一定比例混合来自不同反应堆的核燃料(NF)是可能的,从而关闭核燃料循环。后处理铀是对乏核燃料(SNF)进行放射性化学后处理的产物,具有很高的初始浓度。RBMK-1000反应堆计划使用基于后处理铀的铀-铒燃料。除了235U和238U外,SNF还含有铀的不可裂变压载同位素(232,234,236 U)。232,234U同位素具有相对较高的放射性,它们的存在导致电离辐射剂量率增加,但由于它们在燃料中的含量很少,不影响中子平衡、中子倍增因子和反应性余量。236U的大量存在需要额外的235U富集,因为236U核更有可能低效地吸收中子。这种没有裂变的吸收导致中子倍增系数降低,新燃料的反应性边际降低,卸载燃料的燃耗减少。通过分析增加的铀同位素(IEI)含量对反应堆中子性能和燃料燃耗的影响,可以确定额外的235U燃料富集量,以弥补236U对RBMK-1000中子性能的负面影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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