Determination of the Spread of Heavy Metal from Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite Using Electrical Resistivity Method

M. A. Fakunle, J. Adegoke, Joseph O. Enemali
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Abstract

Abstract Contaminants from waste dumpsites have become sources of concern. Disposed wastes (Heavy metal) from battery industries could contaminate soil, agricultural plants, and groundwater. Therefore, this study aimed at the determination of the migration of heavy metal (Lead) from a Battery Waste Dumpsite using the electrical resistivity method. Using Schlumberger array, fifteen (15) Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out around a Battery Waste Dumpsite in Ori –Ile, Ikumapaiyi at Olodo community, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Preliminary analyses of VES data were performed and were fed into software (WINRESIST 1.0) for qualitative interpretation to reveal apparent resistivity values, the number of layers, and thickness. Three and four layers of topsoil, sandy-clayed, weathered/fractured basement, and basement were obtained. Various values of lowest apparent resistivity and depths of penetration of leached lead on the four sides of the battery waste dumpsite were obtained. The lowest apparent resistivity values obtained were converted to apparent conductivity and plotted against the distance of each VES point. Five collected water samples from available hand-dug wells around the dumpsite were analyzed for the presence of lead using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Graph of apparent conductivity against VES distance indicated a decrease in conductivities with distance, an indication of reduction of Concentration of lead with distance. The level of Lead ranged from 0.081 to 0.770 mg/L which was above the tolerance level of 0.01 mg/L of WHO and SON, an indication of heavy metal pollution in groundwater. This study has established that lead ions were present in groundwater and had spread to a distance of 80 m from the battery waste dumpsite and were more pronounced on the southern region of the dumpsite.
用电阻率法测定原野电池废弃物填埋场重金属的扩散
垃圾场的污染物已成为人们关注的问题。来自电池工业的废弃废物(重金属)可能污染土壤、农业植物和地下水。因此,本研究旨在利用电阻率法测定电池垃圾场中重金属(铅)的迁移。使用斯伦贝谢阵列,在尼日利亚Oyo州Ibadan的Olodo社区的Ori -Ile, Ikumapaiyi的电池垃圾填埋场周围进行了15次垂直电测深(VES)。对VES数据进行初步分析,并将其输入软件(WINRESIST 1.0)进行定性解释,以显示视电阻率值、层数和厚度。获得了三层和四层表土、砂质粘土、风化/破碎基底和基底。得到了浸出铅在电池垃圾场四周的最低视电阻率和渗透深度的不同值。将获得的最低视电阻率值转换为视电导率,并根据每个测点的距离绘制。从垃圾场周围可用的手挖井中收集的五个水样使用原子吸收光谱仪分析了铅的存在。视电导率随电发射距离的变化曲线表明电导率随距离的增加而降低,表明铅浓度随距离的增加而降低。铅的含量在0.081 ~ 0.770 mg/L之间,高于WHO和SON的0.01 mg/L的容许水平,表明地下水中存在重金属污染。本研究确定,地下水中存在铅离子,铅离子已扩散到距电池废物垃圾场80米的地方,并在垃圾场南部地区更为明显。
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