Качество зерна у линий мягкой пшеницы T. aestivum с интрогрессией генетического материала T. dicoccoides и T. dicoccum

Abstract

Related wild and cultural wheat species are regularly involved for expanding T. aestivum genetic diversity because they contain many valuable genes. We evaluated the effect of the genetic material of tetraploid species of the genus Triticum (T. dicoccoides, T. dicoccum) on the grain quality of introgression lines of spring bread wheat. The composition of the high molecular weight glutenin subunits which play an essential role in the formation of wheat baking properties was identified in the introgression lines of bread wheat and their parental forms. The traits of grain quality (hardness, protein and gluten content, gluten quality) were also evaluated. The lines with Glu-1 loci alleles from wheat relatives T. dicoccoides and Т. dicoccum were selected. It was found that the introgression of alien genetic material into the common wheat genome had a positive effect on the parameters of grain quality such as hardness, protein and gluten content. The lines with Glu-A1 loci alleles from T. dicoccoides and Glu-B1 from T. dicoccum were at the level of a parent wheat variety or of a higher gluten quality. As a result of the research, the new lines of bread soft wheat with high grain quality were found and can be used in the crop breeding.