Effect of Graded Oil Palm Kernel Shells on Compaction of Weak o Problematic Sub-Grade Soils

M. Affam, R. Wilson, D. Asenso-Gjambibi
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Abstract

AbstractSub-grade is the ultimate load bearer of vehicular traffic load in a pavement structure. A weak sub-grade or problematic soils require some improvements like soil stabilisation, soil reinforcement and/or capping of the sub-grade layer. These sub-grade improvement methods increase the total project cost because non-local materials such as cement, geosynthetics and hydrated lime are commonly used. The use of graded oil palm kernel shells (OPKS) which are local, cheaper and readily available as a soil improvement material was assessed in this research. This assessment was done by mixing sub-grade material with 2.8 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm graded OPKS. 10 %, 20 % and 30 % of each graded OPKS was added separately to the soil to form nine composite materials. These composite materials including the natural soil were tested for their California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values. The investigation proved that the composite made of 20 % 2.8 mm graded OPKS yielded a soaked CBR of 23.5 % which is a 197.47 % increase in soaked CBR compared to that of the natural soil. The soaked CBR samples of the graded OPKS composite materials absorbed lesser amounts of water in comparison to that of the natural soil. This behaviour implies that some capillary force created at un-soaked condition in the composite materials was preserved; therefore, the composite materials generally have higher CBR values than the natural soil. Keywords: Oil Palm Kernel Shells (OPKS), Problematic Soils, Lightweight Aggregate (LWA)
分级油棕仁壳对软弱或问题亚级土壤压实的影响
摘要路基是路面结构中车辆交通荷载的极限承担者。软弱的路基或有问题的土壤需要一些改善措施,如土壤稳定、土壤加固和/或路基层的封顶。这些路基改善方法增加了工程总成本,因为通常使用非本地材料,如水泥、土工合成材料和水合石灰。分级油棕仁壳(OPKS)是一种当地的、便宜的、容易获得的土壤改良材料,本研究对其使用进行了评估。该评估是通过将亚级材料与2.8 mm、5 mm和10 mm级配OPKS混合来完成的。分别在土壤中添加10%、20%和30%的分级OPKS,形成9种复合材料。对含天然土的复合材料进行了加州承载比(CBR)测试。结果表明,掺20% 2.8 mm级配OPKS的复合材料的浸渍CBR为23.5%,比天然土的浸渍CBR提高了197.47%。与天然土壤相比,分级OPKS复合材料浸泡后的CBR样品吸收的水分较少。这说明复合材料在未浸泡状态下产生的毛细力被保留了下来;因此,复合材料的CBR值普遍高于天然土壤。关键词:油棕仁壳,问题土,轻骨料(LWA)
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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