Kust see laps need laulud võtab ehk keeleline sisend ja väljund luubi all

Abstract

Artiklis arutletakse hoidjakeele ja lastekeele kvalitatiivse ja funktsioonilise erisuse ule. Peamiselt refereerivas artiklis antakse ulevaade sisendkeele olemusest ja tunnusjoontest, tuuakse esile keelelise sisendi ja valjundi sarnasused ja erinevused ning kirjeldatakse, kuidas eri faktorid mojutavad lapsega suhtlemist, sh lapsega koneldavat keelt. Kuna laps omandab keele konekogukonnas, kus suhtlusolukorrad on erinevad ning eri vestlusosaliste fonoloogiline, morfoloogiline, suntaktiline ja semantiline padevus isesugune, on lapsega koneldav keel dunaamiline ja muutub lapse vanusega. Lapsega konelemise viisil arvatakse meie kultuuris olevat tahtis roll ja hulk keelenahtusi, mis teatud ajavahemikul esinevad lapsele suunatud kones, peegelduvad samal ajal ka lapse enese kones. Teisalt on keelenahtusi, mis on kull olemas taiskasvanu kones, ent ei kajastu sugugi lapse omas, mistottu ei saa loota, et kogu sisendkeel hakkab kohe peegelduma ka lapse kones. Arutletakse, kas ja kuivord on oluline, kuidas lapsega suheldakse, ning kas sisendkeelel on oluline funktsioon kone arengu toetamisel. Where does the child get those songs: Linguistic input and output under the microscope The article discusses the qualitative and functional peculiarities of caregiver speech and child speech, the importance of the way in which children are spoken to, and whether input language has an important role in speech development. Also, an overview is provided of the nature and essential features of input language, presenting the similarities and differences between input and output and describing the ways in which different factors affect the way in which children are interacted with, including child-directed speech. As children acquire language in a speech community, with different social situations and with interlocutors whose language exhibits varying degrees of phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic competence, child-directed speech is dynamic and changes as the child matures. The form of child-directed speech is considered to play an important role in children’s language development, and a number of linguistic features that appear during certain time periods in child-directed speech are also reflected in the child’s own speech. However, there are also linguistic features that, while present in adult speech, do not appear at all in child speech.