Social and Ecological Barriers of Sports Participation by College Female Student Athletes

S. Javed, A. Naseer, Qasid Naveed
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Abstract

The present research was aimed to determine the contribution of social and ecological barriers of the sports participation by female student athletes of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. The research was purely quantitative. Population was all female students studying in 1st year to 4th year grades. Systematic random sampling was applied to select the respondents. Initial sample size consisted of 500 female student athletes through ‘K’ value of systematic sampling belonging to 17 women colleges of Southern Punjab districts. Therefore, from the 500 survey questionnaires distributed to the female athletes, 365 were correctly completed and returned. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed on collected data to test the hypotheses. The findings of the research indicated that social and ecological barriers had significantly and positively contributed to the outcome variable (sports participation of female student athletes). All hypotheses were accepted at a highly significant level (0.01). It was concluded that social barriers have greater significant effects on sports participation of university female student athletes than ecological barriers.
大学生女运动员参与体育的社会生态障碍
本研究旨在探讨巴基斯坦旁遮普省南部女学生运动员参与体育活动的社会和生态障碍的贡献。这项研究纯粹是定量的。人群为一年级至四年级的女生。采用系统随机抽样的方法选择调查对象。通过系统抽样的“K”值,初始样本量为500名女学生运动员,属于旁遮普南部地区的17所女子学院。因此,在发放给女运动员的500份调查问卷中,有365份正确填写并返回。对收集到的数据采用描述性统计和多元回归分析来检验假设。研究结果表明,社会和生态障碍对结果变量(女学生运动员的体育参与)有显著的正向贡献。所有假设均在极显著水平(0.01)上被接受。研究发现,社会障碍对女大学生运动员体育参与的影响大于生态障碍。
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