Analysis of the methodology for determining CO2 emissions on the territory of the Russian Federation in respect to the ferrous metallurgy

Abstract

Nowadays there are different points of view about the cause of global climate change. The current warming, according to one version, is related to the greenhouse effect, i.e. with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (mainly carbon dioxide, CO2) in the atmosphere. It is believed that the uncontrolled growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may lead to negative consequences. The position of  UNFCCC and IPCC proposing accounting of greenhouse gases is of recommendatory nature. In particular, an inventory of greenhouse gases can be produced, taking into account the particularities of national development. The main objective of the greenhouse gas inventory is defining reserves to reduce them. Main anthropogenic sources of CO2formation in the Russian Federation are reviewed. Comparative indicators of CO2emissions in different sectors of production are provided. The methodology for greenhouse gases in Russia is considered, in particular with respect to the steel industry. The analysis has shown that official methods to assess CO2emissions into the atmosphere are mainly Base and Sectoral approaches and Level 2 method. Detailed approach and Level 3 method are used for a limited number of metallurgical processing. Part of the CO2emissions from ferrous metallurgy, in particular the emissions from the production of blast furnace coke, is accounted in the energy sector. According to the inventory estimation, total anthropogenic CO2emissions on the territory of RF have decreased and amounted in 2015 75  % from the level of 1990: compared to 1990, the CO2emissions of the steel industry also decreased. Estimated share of the ferrous metallurgy in anthropogenic emissions of CO2compared to 1990 (4.0  %) has increased and amounted to 4.8  % in 2015.