A COMPARATIVE LENS ON ΚΡΑΤΥΣ ΑΡΓΕΪΦΟΝΤΗΣ: MEANING, ETYMOLOGY AND PHRASEOLOGY

Laura Massetti
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Abstract

Abstract Greek κρατύς and cognates (κράτος, κρατερός, etc.) are related to Vedic krátu- ‘resolve’ and Avestan xratu- ‘[guiding] intellect’. The cumulative phraseological evidence supports this etymological proposal: in at least ten cases, Greek personal names and phrasemes exhibiting a cognate of κρατύς (that is, κράτος and compounds with first member κρατ[α]ι-) combine with terms whose Indo-Iranian linguistic cognates are joined with Vedic krátu- and Avestan xratu-. Furthermore, Indo-Iranian expressions, in which Vedic krátu- and its compounds are referred to a god as attributes, are structurally comparable to Greek κρατὺς Ἀργεϊφόντης. Since Ἀργεϊφόντης is likely to reflect ‘shining (cf. Greek φαίνω) with whiteness/brightness (ἀργει-)’, it is possible to identify Vedic phraseological matches for the Greek formula, namely expressions in which Vedic krátu- and its derivative krátumant- combine with the notion of ‘shining widely’, Vedic ví-bhā (Vedic bhā being a linguistic congener of φαίνω). The phraseological correspondence between Vedic krátu- … agní- ‘Agni, [endowed with] resolve’, and κρατὺς Ἀργεϊφόντης ‘Argeiphontes, endowed with superior might (κράτος)’ may be added to the dossier of common phraseology which the Greek god shares with the Old Indic fire-deity.
ΚΡΑΤΥΣ ΑΡΓΕΪΦΟΝΤΗΣ之比较:意义、词源与用语
希腊文的κρατ ς及其同源词(κρ ατ ος、κρατερός等)与吠陀语的krátu(“决心”)和阿维斯陀语的xratu(“[引导]智力”)有关。累积的短语学证据支持这一词源学建议:至少在十种情况下,希腊人名和短语表现出κρατ ς(即κρατ ς和以κρατ[α]ι-为第一个成员的化合物)的同源词与印度-伊朗语的同源词与吠陀语krátu-和阿维斯陀语xratu-相连。此外,印度-伊朗语的表达,其中吠陀语krátu-及其化合物被称为神的属性,在结构上与希腊语κρατ ςἈργεϊφόντης相似。因为Ἀργεϊφόντης很可能反映出“用白色/亮度发光(参见希腊文φα你们好你们好νω)”,所以有可能识别出与希腊公式相匹配的吠陀用语,即吠陀krátu及其衍生词krátumant与吠陀ví-bhā(吠陀bhha是φα你们好νω的语言同源)的概念相结合的表达。吠陀语krátu-…agní- ' Agni,[赋予]决心'和κρατ οςἈργεϊφόντης ' Argeiphontes,赋予卓越的力量(κρατ ος) '之间的短语对应关系可以添加到希腊神与古印度火神共享的常用短语档案中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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