Ethnicity, Citizenship and Identity in Post-2016 Myanmar

M. Thuzar, D. Cheong
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Myanmar has been experiencing less peaks than troughs in its transformation after Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy (NLD), which won a landslide victory in the November 2015 polls, took office in 2016. The NLD inherited deep-seated legacies and prejudices, as well as a unique blend of political identity entrenched over seventy years of civil war. From 2016’s promise of being an annus mirabilis under a democratically elected government, Myanmar’s fledgling democracy experienced several challenges, particularly in getting the economy back on track amidst ongoing negotiations on powerand resource-sharing with ethnic armed organizations (EAOs), with whom the NLD’s predecessor administration had engaged in a nationwide ceasefire process. The years 2017 and 2018 were something of anni horribiles for the country. Foremost among the litany of disappointments decried by critics has been the NLD government’s — and particularly Daw Suu’s — reluctance to explicitly condemn violence against the Rohingya in the wake of a disproportionate response by Myanmar’s armed forces, the Tatmadaw, to an armed insurgency in August 2017. The Tatmadaw’s operations in the northern part of Myanmar’s Rakhine State bordering Bangladesh were reported to have included rape, torture, and burning of villages, causing the largest exodus to date of some 700,000 Rohingya residing in Myanmar across the border to Bangladesh. Domestic support for Daw Suu
2016年后缅甸的种族、公民身份和身份
自昂山素季领导的全国民主联盟(NLD)在2015年11月的选举中获得压倒性胜利,并于2016年上台以来,缅甸在转型过程中经历的高峰比低谷要少。全国民主联盟继承了根深蒂固的遗产和偏见,以及在70年的内战中形成的独特的政治认同。自2016年承诺成为民主选举政府下的奇迹之年以来,缅甸初生的民主经历了几次挑战,特别是在与民族武装组织(eao)就权力和资源共享进行的谈判中,经济回到了正轨。全国民主联盟的前任政府与eao进行了全国停火进程。2017年和2018年对这个国家来说是非常可怕的一年。在批评者谴责的一连串令人失望的事情中,最重要的是全国民主联盟政府——尤其是昂山素季——在缅甸武装部队(Tatmadaw)对2017年8月的武装叛乱做出过度反应后,不愿明确谴责针对罗兴亚人的暴力行为。据报道,武装部队在与孟加拉国接壤的缅甸若开邦北部的行动包括强奸、酷刑和烧毁村庄,导致居住在缅甸的约70万罗兴亚人越过边境逃往孟加拉国,这是迄今为止规模最大的一次逃亡。国内对昂山素季的支持
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