A Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Heart Failure Detection

Abstract

The number of Heart Failure (HF) patients is increasing every year, which suggests that early BNP detection is necessary. It is highly desired to look for a new sensor because the Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) has the potential to be a cardiac biomarker for the diagnosis of HF. Due to this, the goal of this study was to create and develop a novel electrochemical sensor for BNP detection based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) rather than an antibody. The modification of carbon Screen Printed Electrode (SPCE) using functionalized-multiwall carbon nanotube/tris (bipyridine) ruthenium (II) chloride (f-MWCNTs/Ru) composites has the advantage of improving the electrode's electron transfer process, as effectively shown by the Cyclic Voltammogram (CV). Pyrrole (Py) and pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (Py3C) were used as a copolymeric matrix to create the BNP recognition sites. BNP and two monomers were electropolymerized together in a single step by CV method. Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) was used to determine the optimum conditions for the MIP-based BNP sensor, including the Py: Py3C ratio, the number of electropolymerizations, the rebinding pH, and the rebinding time. The DPV results of the new MB labeled NPs revealed directly proportional to the concentrations of rebinding BNP from 10 to 500 pg.cm-3 under optimal conditions, making them acceptable for the detection of both chronic and acute HF. This approach provides an improved detection range and may provide a novel and efficient platform for protein biomarkers.