Twins in Space: Review and Perspectives

Human ethology bulletin Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI:10.22330/he/34/123-129

C. Tafforin, N. Segal

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Abstract

Monozygotic (MZ) twins subjected to different environmental exposures offer an informative, naturally occurring, co-twin control design. Given their genetic identity, differences in physical, medical and behavioral outcomes between them can be associated with their experiential differences. In space research, a wide range of ethological studies has been conducted on the effects of microgravity on sensorimotor activity and on social group behavior during orbital flights, in a large array of isolated and confined environments and for short-term, mid-term and long-term missions. The study of MZ twin astronaut, Scott Kelly (SK), who spent nearly one-year at the International Space Station (ISS) while his co-twin, Mark Kelly, stayed on earth, is a unique opportunity to identify factors affecting astronauts’ health and the extent to which a space mission modifies different adaptive systems at the genetic and epigenetic levels. Keywords: International Space Station, monozygotic, genetic effects, epigenetic effects, adaptation. __________________________________________________________  * Paper presented at XXIV Biennial Conference of Human Ethology 2018, in Santiago, Chile.   Tafforin, C. & Segal, N. L. (2019). Twins in Space: Review and Perspectives. Human Ethology, 34, 123-129. https://doi.org/10.22330/he/34/123-129 submitted: 25.Dec. 2018; revised: 23.March 2019; accepted: 15.June 2019 Tafforin, C. & Segal, N.L. (2019). Twins in Space: Review and Perspectives Human Ethology, 34, 123-129

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太空中的双胞胎:回顾与展望

同卵(MZ)双胞胎受到不同的环境暴露提供了信息，自然发生，双胎控制设计。鉴于他们的基因特征，他们之间在身体、医疗和行为结果上的差异可能与他们的经验差异有关。在空间研究方面，已经就微重力对轨道飞行期间感觉运动活动和社会群体行为的影响进行了广泛的行为学研究，在大量孤立和受限的环境中，以及在短期、中期和长期任务中。对MZ双胞胎宇航员斯科特·凯利(SK)的研究是一个独特的机会，可以确定影响宇航员健康的因素，以及太空任务在遗传和表观遗传水平上改变不同适应系统的程度。斯科特·凯利在国际空间站(ISS)呆了近一年，而他的孪生兄弟马克·凯利则留在地球上。关键词:国际空间站，单卵，遗传效应，表观遗传效应，适应。__________________________________________________________  * 论文发表于2018年人类行为学二十四两年一次的会议,在圣地亚哥,智利。 Tafforin, C. & Segal, N. L.(2019)。太空中的双胞胎:回顾与展望。动物行为学，34,123-129。https://doi.org/10.22330/he/34/123-129提交:12月25日2018;修正:23。2019年3月;接受:15。Tafforin, C. & Segal, N.L.(2019)。太空中的双胞胎:回顾与展望，人类行为学，34,123-129

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Human ethology bulletin

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