Disordered eating behaviours in female physique athletes

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

European Journal of Sport Science Pub Date : 2019-11-26 DOI:10.1080/17461391.2019.1698659

J. Whitehead, G. Slater, H. Wright, L. Martin, H. O'Connor, Lachlan Mitchell

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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Abstract Despite substantial growth in participation rates in physique sports, little is known about the modern day female physique athlete. The extreme physique traits of successful female physique athletes suggest this population may be particularly at risk of developing disordered eating (DE). The aim of this study was to determine if female physique athletes across the main divisions of bikini, fitness, figure and bodybuilding were at risk of DE and to explore possible associated risk factors. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate differences in incidence of DE across divisions given differences in physique requirements. Female physique athletes (n = 348) were recruited using targeted methods and completed an online survey based on validated questionnaires, including the Drive for Thinness, Body Dissatisfaction, and Bulimia subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), Pathogenic Weight Control Measures (PWCM), and the Cognitive Dietary Restraint subscale of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-CDR). Athletes scoring above the cut off values for one or more of the EDI subscales or engaged in at least one of the most concerning PWCM (binge eating, laxative use, and self-induced vomiting) were considered at risk of DE. Approximately half of the participants were identified with DE (46.6%), independent of division, with 27.3% exhibiting clinical and 19.3% having subclinical DE. Furthermore, approximately half (48.9%) of participants engaged in at least one of the most concerning PWCM within the past three months, with a smaller proportion (5.2%) engaging in all three PWCM. Weak but significant correlations were found between some EDI subscales and reason for sport participation, BMI and body composition goals. Drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction were positively associated with use of PWCM. In conclusion, a high proportion of female physique athletes were identified with DE, with a concerning number of athletes engaging in harmful PWCM.

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女性体质运动员饮食行为紊乱

尽管体质运动的参与率大幅增长，但对现代女性体质运动员的了解却很少。成功的女性体能运动员的极端体格特征表明，这一人群可能特别容易患上饮食失调(DE)。本研究的目的是确定比基尼、健身、身材和健美等主要领域的女性体能运动员是否存在DE风险，并探讨可能的相关风险因素。此外，我们的目的是调查在体质要求不同的情况下，不同部门DE发生率的差异。采用有针对性的方法招募女性体能运动员(n = 348)，根据有效问卷完成在线调查，包括饮食失调量表(EDI)的“瘦身动力”、“身体不满”和“贪食症”分量表、致病体重控制措施(PWCM)和三因素饮食问卷(TFEQ-CDR)的“认知饮食限制”分量表。运动员在EDI的一个或多个亚量表中得分高于临界值，或参与至少一个最相关的PWCM(暴饮暴食、泻药使用和自我诱导呕吐)，被认为有DE的风险。大约一半的参与者(46.6%)被确定为DE，独立于部门，其中27.3%表现为临床DE, 19.3%表现为亚临床DE。约有一半(48.9%)的受访者在过去三个月内至少参与了其中一项最受关注的PWCM，而参与全部三项PWCM的比例较小(5.2%)。一些EDI分量表与运动参与原因、BMI和身体成分目标之间存在微弱但显著的相关性。追求瘦和身体不满意与使用PWCM呈正相关。综上所述，女性体魄运动员中存在较高比例的DE，有相当数量的运动员存在有害的PWCM。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Sport Science 医学-运动科学

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

3.10%

发文量

153

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS) is the official Medline- and Thomson Reuters-listed journal of the European College of Sport Science. The editorial policy of the Journal pursues the multi-disciplinary aims of the College: to promote the highest standards of scientific study and scholarship in respect of the following fields: (a) Applied Sport Sciences; (b) Biomechanics and Motor Control; c) Physiology and Nutrition; (d) Psychology, Social Sciences and Humanities and (e) Sports and Exercise Medicine and Health.