Carolina Franch Maggiolo, Isabel Pemjean Contreras, L. R. Osiac, Paula Hernández Hirsch, Alejandra Ortega Guzmán
{"title":"Comparación de las Guías Alimentarias en nueve países de las Américas","authors":"Carolina Franch Maggiolo, Isabel Pemjean Contreras, L. R. Osiac, Paula Hernández Hirsch, Alejandra Ortega Guzmán","doi":"10.37527/2021.71.2.007","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Las Guias Alimentarias Basadas en Alimentos (GABA) son un instrumento nacional de educacion nutricional destinadas a la poblacion general. En el contexto de alta prevalencia de enfermedades cronicas no transmisibles, relacionadas con dietas inadecuadas, buscan contribuir a alcanzar mejores estandares de alimentacion. En el contexto americano, de alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, las GABA forman parte de un conjunto de politicas gubernamentales para combatir estos problemas. El objetivo de este ensayo fue realizar un analisis comparativo de las GABA en nueve paises americanos: Canada, Chile, Estados Unidos, Mexico, Paraguay, Colombia, Brasil, Uruguay y Argentina. Para la comparacion se seleccionaron siete dimensiones generales: politica, metodologia, participacion, mensajes, aspectos socioculturales, aspectos ambientales, y de implementacion y evaluacion, a partir de las recomendaciones para la elaboracion de las GABA de organismos internacionales (FAO-OMS). Los resultados revelaron brechas en las guias de los paises estudiados, destacando Brasil como uno de los paises que pone mayor atencion a la participacion y a la incorporacion de factores socioculturales en la produccion de su documento. Mientras que Chile elude elementos como el genero, el acceso y disponibilidad, la diversidad cultural, la sostenibilidad y los entornos alimentarios. Con guias alimentarias que abordan escasamente la propuesta FAO-OMS, es de esperar que en una futura actualizacion se consideren las dimensiones propuestas en un formato de desarrollo basado en la participacion ciudadana, intersectorial y de expertos/as, fortaleciendo los aspectos socioculturales y ambientales. The Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (GABA) are a national instrument of nutritional education aimed at the general population. In the context of the high prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, related to inadequate diets, they seek to contribute to achieving better food standards. In the American context, with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, GABAs are part of a set of government policies to fight against these problems. The objective of this trial was to perform a comparative analysis of GABA in nine American countries: Canada, Chile, the United States, Mexico, Paraguay, Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Seven general dimensions were selected for comparison: policy, methodology, participation, messages, sociocultural aspects, environmental aspects and, implementation and evaluation-, based on the recommendations for the elaboration of the GABA of international organizations (FAO-WHO). The results revealed gaps in the guidelines of the countries studied, highlighting Brazil as one of those that pay the most attention to participation and the incorporation of sociocultural factors in the production of its document. While Chile avoids elements such as gender, access and availability, cultural diversity, sustainability and food environments. With dietary guidelines that barely address the FAO-WHO proposal, it is expected that in a future update, the proposed dimensions will be considered in a development format based on citizen, intersectoral and expert participation, strengthening socio-cultural and environmental aspects.","PeriodicalId":8390,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Latinoamericanos De Nutricion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archivos Latinoamericanos De Nutricion","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.37527/2021.71.2.007","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Las Guias Alimentarias Basadas en Alimentos (GABA) son un instrumento nacional de educacion nutricional destinadas a la poblacion general. En el contexto de alta prevalencia de enfermedades cronicas no transmisibles, relacionadas con dietas inadecuadas, buscan contribuir a alcanzar mejores estandares de alimentacion. En el contexto americano, de alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, las GABA forman parte de un conjunto de politicas gubernamentales para combatir estos problemas. El objetivo de este ensayo fue realizar un analisis comparativo de las GABA en nueve paises americanos: Canada, Chile, Estados Unidos, Mexico, Paraguay, Colombia, Brasil, Uruguay y Argentina. Para la comparacion se seleccionaron siete dimensiones generales: politica, metodologia, participacion, mensajes, aspectos socioculturales, aspectos ambientales, y de implementacion y evaluacion, a partir de las recomendaciones para la elaboracion de las GABA de organismos internacionales (FAO-OMS). Los resultados revelaron brechas en las guias de los paises estudiados, destacando Brasil como uno de los paises que pone mayor atencion a la participacion y a la incorporacion de factores socioculturales en la produccion de su documento. Mientras que Chile elude elementos como el genero, el acceso y disponibilidad, la diversidad cultural, la sostenibilidad y los entornos alimentarios. Con guias alimentarias que abordan escasamente la propuesta FAO-OMS, es de esperar que en una futura actualizacion se consideren las dimensiones propuestas en un formato de desarrollo basado en la participacion ciudadana, intersectorial y de expertos/as, fortaleciendo los aspectos socioculturales y ambientales. The Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (GABA) are a national instrument of nutritional education aimed at the general population. In the context of the high prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, related to inadequate diets, they seek to contribute to achieving better food standards. In the American context, with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, GABAs are part of a set of government policies to fight against these problems. The objective of this trial was to perform a comparative analysis of GABA in nine American countries: Canada, Chile, the United States, Mexico, Paraguay, Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Seven general dimensions were selected for comparison: policy, methodology, participation, messages, sociocultural aspects, environmental aspects and, implementation and evaluation-, based on the recommendations for the elaboration of the GABA of international organizations (FAO-WHO). The results revealed gaps in the guidelines of the countries studied, highlighting Brazil as one of those that pay the most attention to participation and the incorporation of sociocultural factors in the production of its document. While Chile avoids elements such as gender, access and availability, cultural diversity, sustainability and food environments. With dietary guidelines that barely address the FAO-WHO proposal, it is expected that in a future update, the proposed dimensions will be considered in a development format based on citizen, intersectoral and expert participation, strengthening socio-cultural and environmental aspects.
期刊介绍:
Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición (ALAN) is the official publication of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutición (SLAN), for the dissemination of knowledge in the fields of food and nutrition, principally throughout the American Hemisphere. Articles in Spanish, English, Portuguese and French are accepted, both from the Society members and from nonmembers, in the following categories: 1. General articles (critical scientific reviews); 2. Research articles (originals); 3. Papers in applied nutrition (analytical results from intervention programs and discussion of reconmendations of practical application), and 4. Letters to Editor (short comments of general interest or about scientific facts and results previously published in Archives).