Novel Electrolyte Membrane for Fuel Cell Utilizing Nano Composite

K. C. Nguyen, H. Nguyen, S. T. Do, T. Doan, A. T. Nguyen, T. V. Le, T. T. Nguyen
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Abstract

In the previous study [1], we reported the achievement of nano scale particles of carbon black by multiple diazo coupling of specific anchor groups having electrolytic functionality onto the same material. As a result, the pseudo products called as the “liquid” nano carbon (LNC) having average particle size down to the range between 20-30nm, can be isolated by water flush. It is discovered in the present study that the electrolytic groups is the main cause for the significant reduction of the electrical conductivity of the carbon black raw material and believed due to the enhanced proton transport efficiency associated with the electrolytic chemistry. We reported here, a novel type of proton transport material comprised of LNC embedded in a polymer matrix to form proton conducting nano composite. The LNC proves stable nano scale [1] in aqueous environment and the nano composit demonstrated excellent film forming properties with a wide range of binders, especially, aqueous emulsion polymers and highly cross linking polymers. The nano composite also exhibits the excellent uniformity of membrane with well known coating process such as dip coating, spin coating, spray coating, roll coating, blade coating, rod coating, brush painting , inkjet printing.... It is found that the nano composite shows stabilization of DTA/TG data curve over that of the single LNC itself. The nano composite also exhibits remarkable thermal stability over wide range of temperature up to 350C in the ambient environment compared to the Nafion 117, a well known proton exchange membrane (PEM) material in the PEM fuel cell [2] market. In fact, in a PEMFC configuration, the nano composite PEM shows higher current density and 2X higher power efficiency than that of Nafion 117. The PEMFC using LNC nano composite PEM also exhibits superior shelf life exceeding 3.5 months when an aqueous methanol liquid fuel system is continuously fed.
新型纳米复合燃料电池电解质膜
在之前的研究[1]中,我们报道了将具有电解功能的特定锚基多次重氮偶联到同一材料上,从而获得纳米级炭黑颗粒。因此,可以通过水冲洗分离出平均粒径在20-30nm之间的“液体”纳米碳(LNC)伪产物。本研究发现,电解基团是炭黑原料电导率显著降低的主要原因,并认为与电解化学相关的质子输运效率提高有关。我们报道了一种新型的质子传输材料,由嵌入聚合物基体的LNC组成,形成质子传导纳米复合材料。LNC在水环境中表现出稳定的纳米尺度[1],纳米复合材料在多种粘合剂中表现出优异的成膜性能,特别是在水性乳液聚合物和高交联聚合物中。采用浸涂、旋涂、喷涂、滚涂、刀片涂、棒涂、刷涂、喷墨打印....等著名的涂层工艺,纳米复合材料还具有优异的膜均匀性结果表明,纳米复合材料的DTA/TG数据曲线比单一LNC本身更稳定。与质子交换膜(PEM)材料Nafion 117相比,纳米复合材料在环境环境中也表现出显著的热稳定性,温度范围高达350℃,Nafion 117是质子交换膜燃料电池[2]市场上众所周知的质子交换膜(PEM)材料。事实上,在PEMFC配置下,纳米复合PEM比Nafion 117具有更高的电流密度和2倍的功率效率。使用LNC纳米复合PEM的PEMFC在水甲醇液体燃料系统连续供油时也表现出超过3.5个月的优异保质期。
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