UVA and UVB Transmission of Fabrics: Critical Wavelength Based on Absorbance and Effective Dose

Exogenous Dermatology Pub Date : 2003-04-24 DOI:10.1159/000069880

T. Gambichler, J. Laperre, P. Altmeyer, K. Hoffmann

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引用次数: 17

Abstract

Background: The degree to which a fabric protects the skin from ultraviolet (UV) rays is given as its UV protection factor (UPF) that is predominantly influenced by UVB transmission through the fabric. However, the UVA-blocking properties of a fabric are of significance as UVA plays also a role in photocarcinogenesis, photo-aging and provocation of photosensitive disorders. Objectives: The objective of this study was to present some overall performance of the protection against UVA radiation compared to the protection against UVB radiation of apparel fabrics. For this purpose, we aimed to study the ratio of the average UVA and UVB transmission and to calculate the critical wavelength (CW) of a large collection of fabric materials. Methods: We studied 196 different fabric materials. The fabrics were spectrophotometrically assessed in accordance with the European standard (part 1). We determined the mean UVB (290–320 nm) and UVA (320–400 nm) transmission, mean UVB/UVA ratios, maximum UVA transmission and CW based on absorbance and effective dose (ED). Results: We observed that about 90% of the fabrics had UVB/UVA ratios smaller than 1. This indicates that the average UVA transmission was higher than the average UVB transmission. For 20% of the fabrics, the average UVA transmission was at least twice as high as the average UVB transmission. When calculating the CW based on the absorbance for the sample set, we found that the CW of fabric materials is generally higher than 370 nm and is usually close to 380 nm. When the ED was used, a much smaller CW was found compared to the calculations based on absorbance. Conclusions: UVA transmission through fabrics is usually higher than UVB transmission. Despite a high UPF, increased UVA transmission through clothing may be of significance in triggering photosensitive disorders. The UVB/UVA ratio of fabric materials strongly correlates with the CW based on ED. Because frequently a UG-11 fluorescence filter has to be used in UPF assessment, the CW based on the ED is more relevant and less prone to measurement error.

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织物对UVA和UVB的传输:基于吸光度和有效剂量的临界波长

背景:织物保护皮肤免受紫外线(UV)照射的程度是其紫外线防护系数(UPF)，主要受UVB通过织物传输的影响。然而，织物的UVA阻断性能是重要的，因为UVA也在光致癌、光老化和引发光敏疾病中发挥作用。目的:本研究的目的是比较服装面料对UVA辐射的防护效果。为此，我们旨在研究UVA和UVB平均透射率的比例，并计算大量织物材料的临界波长(CW)。方法:研究了196种不同的织物材料。根据欧洲标准(第1部分)对织物进行分光光度测定。我们确定了平均UVB (290-320 nm)和UVA (320-400 nm)透射率，平均UVB/UVA比值，最大UVA透射率和基于吸光度和有效剂量(ED)的CW。结果:90%左右的织物UVB/UVA比值小于1。这说明UVA的平均传输量高于UVB的平均传输量。对于20%的织物，UVA的平均透射率至少是UVB的平均透射率的两倍。在基于吸光度计算样本集的连续波时，我们发现织物材料的连续波一般高于370 nm，通常接近380 nm。当使用ED时，发现与基于吸光度的计算相比，CW要小得多。结论:织物对UVA的透射率通常高于UVB的透射率。尽管UPF很高，但通过衣服的UVA传输增加可能会引发光敏性疾病。织物材料的UVB/UVA比率与基于ED的连续波密切相关。由于在UPF评估中经常必须使用UG-11荧光滤光片，因此基于ED的连续波相关性更强，不易产生测量误差。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Exogenous Dermatology

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