Culture and Society

Riordan Roett, R. Sacks
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Abstract

This chapter considers the Arthaśāstra of Kautilya. According to tradition, Kautilya is to be identified with the apparently historical personage Canakya, who is known from Jain traditions as the king-maker of Candragupta; he wrote the Arthaśāstra as a guide for the king in the administration of his empire. The earliest scholarship saw the book as a description of the Maurya polity—an exciting find given the paucity of material, let alone Indian material, for the history of early India. Breloer went so far as to call the work “Candragupta's Magna Carta.” The view remains attractive, and many Indian scholars have been glad of a straw to cling to in the ocean of uncertainty, and perhaps of an Indian text that reduces their dependence on a Greek outsider's information, particularly if they are dazzled by Strabo's attack on Megathenes for unreliability.
文化与社会
本章考虑考提利亚的Arthaśāstra。根据传统,考提利亚被认为是明显的历史人物迦那迦,他在耆那教传统中被认为是Candragupta的造王者;他写了Arthaśāstra作为国王管理帝国的指南。最早的学者认为这本书是对孔雀政体的描述——这是一个令人兴奋的发现,因为关于早期印度历史的材料很少,更不用说印度的材料了。布洛埃甚至称这部作品为“坎德拉笈多的大宪章”。这种观点仍然很有吸引力,许多印度学者很高兴在不确定性的海洋中找到一根稻草,也许印度的文本减少了他们对希腊局外人信息的依赖,特别是如果他们被斯特拉博对Megathenes不可靠的攻击所迷惑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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