Characterization of neuraminidases from myxoviruses

R. Drzeniek, J.T. Seto , R. Rott
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引用次数: 102

Abstract

  • 1.

    1. A relatively simple and reproducible method for the isolation and purification of viral neuraminidases, as already reported in a preliminary note, has been shown to be of general usefulness for influenza virus enzymes but to a lesser extent for parainfluenza virus enzymes. The properties of the viral enzymes prepared in this way are presented.

  • 2.

    2. A comparative investigation of the properties of the enzymes of A2 virus, fowl plague virus (FPV), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) revealed many differences among them. This was particularly evident in their antigens; minor differences were found in the pH optima, Km, substrate specificity and heat stability of the enzymes from the 3 representative myxoviruses. FPV and NDV enzymes have not been previously characterized.

  • 3.

    3. The sedimentation coefficients of these enzymes were in the same range as Those measured by the transport and optical methods (9–10 S). This is in agreement with the values of other influenza enzymes prepared and analyzed by other techniques (9–10 S), but contrasts with the value of 5.5 S for a bacterial neuraminidase, Vibrio cholerae enzyme.

  • 4.

    4. The final purity of the A2 virus and FPV enzymes was determined by preparing antisera to the enzymes. Such antisera were found to be devoid of antibodies against other virus-specific surface antigen(s). The utility of highly specific antiserum for investigating the role of neuraminidase during virus multiplication, and the use of the antigenic type-specific property of viral enzymes as a genetic marker are discussed.

黏液病毒神经氨酸酶的鉴定
1.1. 一种分离和纯化病毒神经氨酸酶的相对简单和可重复的方法,如初步说明所述,已被证明对流感病毒酶普遍有用,但对副流感病毒酶的作用较小。介绍了用这种方法制备的病毒酶的性质。对A2病毒、禽鼠疫病毒(FPV)和新城疫病病毒(NDV)的酶特性进行了比较研究,发现它们之间存在许多差异。这在它们的抗原中尤为明显;3种代表性黏液病毒酶的最适pH值、Km、底物特异性和热稳定性均有细微差异。FPV和NDV酶以前没有被描述过。这些酶的沉降系数与通过转运和光学方法测得的沉降系数(9-10 S)在相同的范围内。这与用其他技术制备和分析的其他流感酶的值(9-10 S)一致,但与细菌神经氨酸酶,霍乱弧菌酶的5.5 S的值形成对比。通过制备抗血清来测定A2病毒和FPV酶的最终纯度。这种抗血清被发现缺乏针对其他病毒特异性表面抗原的抗体。本文讨论了利用高特异性抗血清研究神经氨酸酶在病毒增殖过程中的作用,以及利用病毒酶的抗原类型特异性作为遗传标记。
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