Senile mouth as a component of geriatric status

Abstract

According to the literature, there is a high prevalence of the syndrome of senile asthenia (frailty) among the elderly. This condition is associated with a number of physical, functional and biochemical changes in the body. The interrelationships of the senile mouth with the malnutrition syndrome are known, the associations with other geriatric syndromes are insufficiently studied. At the same time, early diagnosis of conditions and diseases as the risk factors for the development of senile mouth is very important. The aim of the study: To study the role of the senile mouth in the formation of geriatric status. Materials and methods: In total, 570 elderly and senile people were included in the study (58 persons without adentia, 512 persons with adentia. The age of the patients ranged from 65 to 84 years. The groups of patients without adentia and with adentia were comparable in age and sex composition. Results: The study showed that the senile mouth is associated with the loss of 11 or more teeth in any variant of adentia, and with a smaller number of lost teeth – with the 1st and 4th classes of adentia according to E. Kennedy, while the ethiological causes of adentia do not have a significance in increasing the risk for developing of senile mouth. Cardiovascular pathology, type 2 diabetes mellitus and diseases of the musculoskeletal system increase the risk of developing the progression of the senile mouth. The senile mouth is associated with such geriatric syndromes as the syndrome of malnutrition and the risk of its development, dina/ sarcopenia, falls syndrome, depression, cognitive disorders and uncorrected sensory deficits. Conclusion: Senile mouth take place in the processes of formation of geriatric status in elderly patients. It is necessary to investigate the state of the dentition according to E. Kennedy. The patients with complete adentia, as well as with grades 1, 4 of adentia and its mixed forms are the groups of increased risk of frailty. It is also advisable to conduct a comprehensive geriatric assessment with targeted correction of the identified geriatric syndromes in people with senile mouth before and after dental intervention.