Vulnerabilities and displacements: adaptation and mitigation to climate change as a new development mantra

P. Bose
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引用次数: 30

Abstract

The past decade has witnessed significant growth across the globe of domestic and international initiatives designed to ameliorate both existing and potential impacts of climate change. The threat of altered environments and possibility of mass migrations of people have spurred intensive planning as well as the commitment of considerable resources to addressing such threats. Indeed, the primacy of climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts and planning has become so pronounced that one might argue that this is a new and pre-eminent form of development in the international arena. As with previous developmental preoccupations such as progress, modernity, gender, microcredit, participation and good governance, climate change adaptation and mitigation is today a central part of the development mantra. In this paper I examine the ‘climate change turn’ in development work by focusing on the case of Bangladesh, a country often discussed in both scholarly literature and popular discourse as one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to the possible effects of climate change. Images of rising waters, flooded fields and displaced farmers in the region have become an iconic symbol deployed during debates on climate change both locally and globally. As a result Bangladesh has emerged as a laboratory of sorts in which a series of national-level strategic plans, projects, programmes, trust funds and financing schemes are being designed and tested in partnership with international donors and development agencies, all built around the idea of climate change and resilience. Looking specifically at some of the most marginalised communities in Bangladesh – such as char dwellers and slum populations – I question in this paper what impact these efforts to combat climate change may have, in particular the possibility of being displaced not by climate change but rather by development processes meant to ameliorate its effects.
脆弱性和流离失所:适应和减缓气候变化作为新的发展口头禅
在过去的十年里,在全球范围内,旨在减轻气候变化现有和潜在影响的国内和国际倡议显著增长。环境改变的威胁和人民大规模移徙的可能性促使人们进行密集的规划,并承诺投入大量资源来对付这些威胁。事实上,适应和减缓气候变化的努力和规划的首要地位已经变得如此明显,以至于人们可能会说,这是国际舞台上一种新的、卓越的发展形式。与进步、现代化、性别、小额信贷、参与和良好治理等以往的发展重点一样,适应和减缓气候变化今天是发展口号的核心部分。在本文中,我通过关注孟加拉国的案例来研究发展工作中的“气候变化转向”,孟加拉国经常在学术文献和大众话语中被讨论为世界上最容易受到气候变化可能影响的国家之一。该地区不断上涨的水位、被淹的田地和流离失所的农民的图像已成为当地和全球气候变化辩论中使用的标志性符号。因此,孟加拉国成为了一个实验室,与国际捐助者和发展机构合作,正在设计和测试一系列国家级战略计划、项目、计划、信托基金和融资计划,所有这些都是围绕气候变化和复原力的理念建立起来的。具体地看一下孟加拉国一些最边缘化的社区——比如贫困居民和贫民窟人口——我在本文中质疑这些应对气候变化的努力可能会产生什么影响,特别是那些不是因为气候变化而流离失所,而是因为旨在改善其影响的发展进程而流离失所的可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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