Animal Welfare Issues Associated with Rearing Dairy Calves in Nepalese Context

Nirvay Sah, Krishna Kafle, S. Paudyal, Sanjeev Wasti, Ganga K. Sah
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Abstract

In Nepal, a predominantly Hindu country, most communities consider the cow as a sacred animal leading to their special place in society. However, male calves are neglected because of their limited utility in the context of religiously restricted beef consumption. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the dairy farmers of the Chitwan district in the central region of Nepal to understand the rearing practices of dairy calves and the associated animal welfare concerns. A majority of the producers (70%) that participated in the survey reared female calves to be replacement dairy animals, hence providing better care and management on the farm. Male calves, however, were vulnerable to indiscriminate removal following non-humane methods; 20% of calves starved by feed withdrawal, and 20% of calves chased away from the farm to live as stray animals. Therefore, the religious, sentimental, economic, and ethical analysis of the welfare situation needs to be assessed in a broader context and a sustainable policy needs to be implemented to change the overall attitude of the farmers towards male dairy calves.
动物福利问题与饲养奶牛小牛在尼泊尔的背景下
在尼泊尔这个以印度教为主的国家,大多数社区认为牛是一种神圣的动物,使他们在社会中占有特殊的地位。然而,由于在宗教限制牛肉消费的背景下,雄性小牛的效用有限,因此被忽视。在尼泊尔中部奇旺地区的奶农中进行了一项横断面调查,以了解奶牛的饲养方法和相关的动物福利问题。参与调查的大多数生产者(70%)饲养雌性小牛以替代奶牛,从而在农场提供更好的护理和管理。然而,雄性小牛很容易被非人道的方法任意移除;20%的小牛因断食而饿死,20%的小牛被赶出农场,成为流浪动物。因此,对福利状况的宗教、情感、经济和伦理分析需要在更广泛的背景下进行评估,并需要实施可持续的政策,以改变农民对雄性奶牛的总体态度。
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