Hepatorenal syndrome

Abstract

Renal dysfunction is commonly seen in patients with end stage liver disease. Prognosis of patients who develop hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is dismal with a median survival of around six months without liver transplantation. Advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of HRS has lead to evolving ideas regarding the definition and diagnostic criteria of HRS. In addition, recent pharmacological and other therapeutic innovations provide hope to patients of HRS. This is a review of diagnostic criteria, etio-pathogenesis and therapeutic options for patients of HRS based on the available evidence in literature.