Propagation of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clone ‘CCN51’ using somatic embryogenesis: from pilot scale to commercial production

Ana María Henao Ramírez, Diana Maria Cano Martínez, Rodrigo Alberto Hoyos Sánchez, Aura Inés Urrea Trujillo
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Abstract

ABSTRACT The transition of promising technologies for the massive production of cacao trees from research to commercial scale is often difficult and expensive. As a result, the timeframe estimated for plantlet production is underestimated resulting in exceptionally long processes in the laboratory that make the production system unfeasible to bring to markets. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is considered the most suitable and integrated technology for the large-scale production of clonal cocoa plants, compared to conventional methods. To date, practical application of SE to produce cocoa genotypes of interest has been limited, and for ‘drop-in’ technology replacements, price is of paramount importance for success. Therefore, the objective of this work was to produce the CCN51 genotype in a pilot scale in the laboratory with an approach to commercial production. The productive stages for a complex biological process such as SE and a reduction in production cycle time were defined. The production stages defined for SE were initiation, multiplication, maturation, germination, and acclimatization. The minimal time obtained for CCN51 production was 8.3 months: 30, 70, 50, 70, and 30 days, respectively. The decrease in the time of the production process directly influences the process cost and it represents a breakthrough in the technology development.
可可(Theobroma cacao L.)无性系‘CCN51’体细胞胚胎发生繁殖:从中试规模到商业化生产
将有前景的可可树大规模生产技术从研究过渡到商业规模通常是困难和昂贵的。因此,估计的幼苗生产时间被低估,导致实验室过程异常漫长,使生产系统无法推向市场。与传统方法相比,体细胞胚胎发生(SE)被认为是最适合大规模生产克隆可可植株的综合技术。迄今为止,SE在生产感兴趣的可可基因型方面的实际应用有限,对于“插入式”技术替代品来说,价格是成功的最重要因素。因此,这项工作的目标是在实验室中以中试规模生产CCN51基因型,并逐步走向商业化生产。定义了SE等复杂生物过程的生产阶段和缩短生产周期。对SE的生产阶段定义为萌发、繁殖、成熟、发芽和驯化。生产CCN51所需的最短时间为8.3个月:分别为30、70、50、70和30天。生产过程时间的缩短直接影响到工艺成本,是技术发展的一大突破。
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