Bio-inspired nanomaterials and their applications as antimicrobial agents

S. Zinjarde
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引用次数: 60

Abstract

In the recent decades, the interdisciplinary field of nanotechnology has expanded extensively. A variety of nanoparticles (NPs) have been used for a number of specialized applications. In this era facing a major problem of microorganisms developing antibiotic resistance, NPs are a lucrative option. Most physical and chemical processes of NP synthesis are associated with drawbacks and bio-inspired NPs have now become popular. This review summarizes the recent developments on the biosynthesis, characterization, and applications of NPs with particular reference to their use as antimicrobial agents. Reviewed here is the synthesis of gold and silver NPs (AgNPs) by a variety of biological forms and biomolecules as well as their effectiveness toward different fungal and bacterial pathogens. The use of gold NPs (bio-inspired by plants, fungi, and bacteria) and AgNPs, synthesized by carbohydrates (of plant, animal, and microbial origin), plant parts (bark, callus, leaves, peels, and tubers), fungi, and bacteria have been highlighted. In addition, the use of zinc oxide NPs (although not bio-inspired) as novel antimicrobial agents have also been discussed.
仿生纳米材料及其作为抗菌剂的应用
近几十年来,纳米技术的跨学科领域得到了广泛的扩展。各种纳米颗粒(NPs)已被用于许多专门的应用。在这个面临微生物产生抗生素耐药性的主要问题的时代,NPs是一个有利可图的选择。大多数NP合成的物理和化学过程都有缺陷,仿生NP现在已经变得流行起来。本文综述了NPs的生物合成、表征和应用方面的最新进展,特别是其作为抗菌药物的应用。本文综述了各种生物形态和生物分子合成金、银NPs (AgNPs)及其对不同真菌和细菌病原体的有效性。金NPs(受到植物、真菌和细菌的启发)和AgNPs(由碳水化合物(植物、动物和微生物来源)、植物部分(树皮、愈伤组织、叶子、果皮和块茎)、真菌和细菌合成)的使用得到了强调。此外,氧化锌NPs(虽然不是生物启发)作为新型抗菌剂的使用也进行了讨论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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