THE CURRENT SCENARIO AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COCONUT INDUSTRY

The Planter Pub Date : 2018-07-25 DOI:10.56333/tp.2018.010
K. H. Then
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Coconut (Cocos nucifera) or commonly known as 'tree of life ' is planted in over 90 countries, mainly in Asia, Pacific Islands and South America. The total world planted area of coconut is about 12 million ha with the annual estimated potential production of70 billion nuts. Currently, India, Indonesia and Philippines are the major coconut producers, contributing more than 75 per cent of the total global production. The coconut industry has shown rapid growth in the development of coconut products and is in great demand from the American, European, Middle East and East Asian markets. Coconut oil, copra meal, desiccated coconut and coir products are the traditional coconut products, whereas coconut water, virgin coconut oil, coconut milk and cream are amongst those that show the fastest growth. New coconut hybrids have been introduced, whereby their potential copra yield ranged from 7. 65 to 9.12 tonnes per hectare per year. New invasive pests such as Brontispa longissima, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Aceria guerreronis and Aspidiotus rigidus have recently been reported attacking coconut farms in South East Asia. Meanwhile, lethal yellowing disease (LYD) that is caused by phytoplasma is the most devastating coconut disease that is currently affecting the coconut production in the Caribbean, Americas and African countries. However, the recent discovery of Bogia coconut syndrome in Papua New Guinea (PNG), the first report of a lethal yellowing disease in Oceania, brings great concern. The coconut industry is driven by the rapid growth and significant demand of coconut based products globally, which has proven to generate greater economic returns for the coconut producers. Therefore, the countries that are heavily dependent on a single industrial crop should take this opportunity to diversify their plantation crop to coconut as their new economic crop. Keywords: Coconut production, coconut supply and demand, coconut products, planting material, pest and disease.
椰子产业的现状与发展
椰子(Cocos nucifera)或俗称的“生命之树”在90多个国家种植,主要在亚洲、太平洋岛屿和南美洲。全世界种植椰子的总面积约为1200万公顷,估计每年可生产700亿颗坚果。目前,印度、印度尼西亚和菲律宾是主要的椰子生产国,占全球总产量的75%以上。椰子产业在椰子产品开发方面呈现出快速增长的态势,美洲、欧洲、中东和东亚市场对椰子的需求量很大。椰子油、椰子粉、干燥椰子和椰子制品是传统的椰子产品,而椰子水、初榨椰子油、椰奶和奶油是增长最快的产品。新的椰子杂交品种已经被引进,因此它们的潜在椰子产量从7。每年每公顷65至9.12吨。最近有报道称,东南亚的椰子农场受到了新的入侵害虫,如长角角蛾(Brontispa longissima)、铁角蛾(Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)、绿角蛾(Aceria guerreronis)和硬尾蛾(Aspidiotus rigidus)。与此同时,由植原体引起的致死性黄化病(LYD)是目前影响加勒比、美洲和非洲国家椰子生产的最具破坏性的椰子疾病。然而,最近在巴布亚新几内亚发现的Bogia椰子综合征是大洋洲首次报告的一种致命的变黄疾病,这引起了极大的关注。全球对椰子产品的快速增长和巨大需求推动了椰子产业的发展,事实证明,这为椰子生产商带来了更大的经济回报。因此,严重依赖单一工业作物的国家应借此机会将种植作物多样化,以椰子作为新的经济作物。关键词:椰子生产,椰子供需,椰子产品,种植材料,病虫害
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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