The Outcome of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection with Fresh and Cryopreserved Ejaculated Sperm: A Comparative Study at the Yaounde Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate fertilization rate, embryo quality and pregnancy rate in patients undergoing Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) using fresh and cryopreserved ejaculated sperm. Methods: We carried out an analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from December 1st, 2017 to May 1st, 2018. We compared two groups of patients undergoing ICSI using ejaculated sperm: group I comprised of those in whom fresh semen was used and group II was comprised of those in whom cryopreserved semen was used. We collected the fertilization rate, embryo quality, and pregnancy rate. The Odds Ratio was calculated to determine the association between the variables. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. A logistic regression analysis was done. Results: when OATS sperm was used, we had higher fertilization rate 67, 5% vs. 46, 9%, p=0,042 and better embryo quality on day 3, 95% vs. 5%, p=0.008 with freshly ejaculated sperm against the cryopreserved semen. After logistic regression, the fertilization rate, embryo quality and pregnancy rate in the fresh and cryopreserved ejaculated semen were similar. Conclusion: The semen with OATS may be more susceptible to damages caused by cryopreservation, resulting in lower fertilization rate and embryo quality but similar pregnancy rates.