Nativity, Phytochemistry, Ethnobotany and Pharmacology of Dianthus caryophyllus

Abstract

Dianthus caryophyllus L. (carnation) is an important cut flower in trade. This plant traditionally used in China, Japan and Korea in the treatment of wounds and gastro-intestinal disorder and various other ailments. In recent pharmacological studies plant tested for anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and anti-insecticide activities. Kaempferide triglycoside a phenolic compound from plant exhibit anticancer properties against colon cancer cell lines and also show antifungal properties against Fusarium wilt causative pathogenic fungi. Plant extract possesses antibacterial properties against Helicobacter pylori, Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. The seeds extract of D. caryophyllus exhibit potent antiviral activity against HIV, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and hepatitis A virus-27 (HAV-27). Essential oil extracted from flowers of carnation shows arthropods repellent and larvicidal activity.