Nicotine Chewing Gum and Its Correlation with Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background: Smoking is a human behavior that has a very bad impact on health. Mortality and morbidity due to smoking cannot be under­estimated. Non-communicable diseases become high morbidity among smokers, such as diabetes, reduced fertility, coronary heart disease, and countless health complications. This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of nicotine gum on the success of smoking cessation based on a number of previous similar studies. Subjects and Method: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by follow­ing the PRISMA flow diagram. The process of searching for articles through a journal data­base which includes: Google Scholar by select­ing articles published in 2010-2020. With key­words, among others: “Nicotine Replacement Therapy” OR Gum Nicotine-” AND “Smoking cessation. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles with experimental study design, articles in English, bivariate analysis with Odds Ratio. Eligible articles were analyzed using the Revman 5.3 app. Results: A total of five articles were reviewed in this study using a randomized controlled trial design. A meta-analysis of five randomized controlled trials showed that 0.81 times the use of nicotine gum did not help smokers quit smoking compared with placebo (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.48 to 2.12; p = 0.400). Conclusion: Nicotine gum does not help smokers to quit smoking. Keywords: Gum Nicotine, smoking cessation, Smoke Correspondence:  Roni Hartono. Faculty of Psychology, Univer­sitas Teknologi Sumbawa, Jl. Raya Olat Maras, Batu Alang, Moyo Hulu, 84371, Sumbawa Besar. Email: roni.hartono@uts.ac.id Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 170-176 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.04