The Determinants of Childhood Diarrhoea in Zimbabwe: Further Analysis of the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey

S. Moyo, P. Manangazira, L. Gamba
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Abstract

Diarrhoea is a preventable disease. The preventative measures of diarrhoea could be traced back to demographic, socio-economic, environmental and behavioural aspects of the family. Paradoxically, diarrhoea has become one of the major underlying factors to childhood morbidity and mortality globally, and specifically in developing countries. In Zimbabwe, despite the reported prevalence of diarrhoea, there is a lacuna of scholarly inquisition of the background and proximate predictors of childhood diarrhoea, a gap to be filled by this study. The study utilized secondary data from the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey. The target population of the study was an adjusted national sample size of 3545 under five children whose mother/women caregivers however responded on their behalf. Data was analysed used the univariate, bivariate and multivariate methods. The study established a significant association between diarrhoea and mother’s age (OR = 0.34 [99.9% CI: 0.205 – 0.561]), child’s age (OR = 5.4 [99.9% CI: 3.19-8.96]) , region Mashonaland East (OR = 0.64 [95% CI: 0.417 – 0.0.976]): Mashonaland West (OR = 1.5 [90% CI: 0.97 – 2.32]) and a shared toilet facility (OR = 1.47 [99.9% CI: 1.153 –1.871]). The study recommends the identification of diarrhoea as a significant contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality by the government, relevant stakeholders and implementation partners. Such recognition would lead to the designing and implementation of disease control strategies that reduce unhygienic practices in risk groups and provinces, educate communities on the benefits of diarrhoea awareness and girl child empowerment so as to reduce the mean age at first sex and marriage. Failure to do so, would mean that the healthcare strategies adopted in Zimbabwe since 1980 aimed at improving health and child health in particular, will remain a pipe-dream.Key words: childhood diarrhoea, mortality, morbidity, predictors, 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey,
津巴布韦儿童腹泻的决定因素:对2015年津巴布韦人口健康调查的进一步分析
腹泻是一种可预防的疾病。预防腹泻的措施可以追溯到家庭的人口、社会经济、环境和行为方面。矛盾的是,腹泻已成为全球,特别是发展中国家儿童发病率和死亡率的主要潜在因素之一。在津巴布韦,尽管据报道腹泻流行,但缺乏对儿童腹泻的背景和近似预测因素的学术调查,本研究将填补这一空白。该研究利用了2015年津巴布韦人口健康调查的二手数据。该研究的目标人群是3545名5岁以下儿童的调整后的全国样本量,这些儿童的母亲/女性照顾者代表他们做出了回应。采用单变量、双变量和多变量方法对数据进行分析。该研究确定了腹泻与母亲年龄(OR = 0.34 [99.9% CI: 0.205 - 0.561])、儿童年龄(OR = 5.4 [99.9% CI: 3.19-8.96])、马绍纳兰东部地区(OR = 0.64 [95% CI: 0.417 - 0.0.976])、马绍纳兰西部地区(OR = 1.5 [90% CI: 0.97 - 2.32])和公共厕所设施(OR = 1.47 [99.9% CI: 1.153 - 1.871])之间的显著关联。该研究建议政府、相关利益攸关方和实施伙伴确定腹泻是导致儿童发病率和死亡率的一个重要因素。这种认识将导致制定和实施疾病控制战略,减少危险群体和省份的不卫生做法,教育社区了解认识腹泻和赋予女童权力的好处,从而降低初次性行为和结婚的平均年龄。如果不这样做,就意味着津巴布韦自1980年以来通过的旨在改善健康,特别是儿童健康的保健战略将仍然是一个白日梦。关键词:儿童腹泻,死亡率,发病率,预测因素,2015年津巴布韦人口健康调查,
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