1835–1860

IF 0.2 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN

Mark Twain Annual Pub Date : 2021-07-22 DOI:10.1093/oso/9780192894922.003.0002

G. Smith

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Twain was reared in Hannibal, a very religious small town in Missouri by a Presbyterian mother and a freethinking father. The “Presbyterian conscience” he developed as a youth deeply affected him throughout his life. Twain’s experiences in Sunday school and church and difficult childhood that included the loss of his father and two older siblings, fear of dying, and observations of drownings, murder, and mayhem are featured in many of his writings. Both Twain and many scholars have misrepresented the Calvinism that was preached and taught in antebellum Hannibal by portraying it as denying human free agency, preaching a prosperity gospel, damning the vast majority of people to perdition, and focusing on hell. Twain was especially affected by the death of his younger brother Henry as a result of a steamboat explosion when Twain was 22.

查看原文本刊更多论文

1835–1860

吐温在密苏里州一个宗教色彩浓厚的小镇汉尼拔长大，母亲是长老会教徒，父亲思想自由。他年轻时养成的“长老会良心”深深影响了他的一生。吐温在主日学校和教堂的经历，以及艰难的童年，包括失去父亲和两个哥哥，对死亡的恐惧，以及对溺水，谋杀和伤害的观察，在他的许多作品中都有特色。吐温和许多学者都歪曲了在战前汉尼拔传播和教导的加尔文主义，把它描绘成否认人类的自由能动性，宣扬成功福音，诅咒绝大多数人走向灭亡，并专注于地狱。吐温22岁时，他的弟弟亨利死于一艘汽船爆炸，这对他的影响尤其大。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Mark Twain Annual LITERATURE, AMERICAN-

CiteScore

0.40

自引率

14.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Mark Twain Annual publishes articles related to Mark Twain and those who surrounded him and serves as an outlet for new scholarship as well as new pedagogical approaches. It is the official publication of the Mark Twain Circle of America, an international association of people interested in the life and work of Mark Twain. The Circle encourages interest in Mark Twain and fosters the formal presentation of ideas about the author and his work, as well as the informal exchange of information among its members.