UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TEMPUYUNG (Sonchus arvensis L.) PADA MENCIT BETINA DENGAN METODE FIXED DOSE

Abstract

Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) is a plant from the Asteraceae family which is often used as a diuretic, kidney stones, gallstones, swelling, asthma, cholesterol lowering, bronchitis and in previous studies showed its effectiveness as an antihyperuricemic drug. Its potential use as a raw material for drugs needs to be supported by safety tests. This study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of ethanol extract of tempuyung leaves in terms of clinical symptoms, body weight, organ index, macropathological changes, LD50 description and classification of acute toxicity of ethanol extract of tempuyung leaves (Sonchus arvensis L.) in female mice (Mus musculus). Acute toxicity test was performed orally using the fixed dose method and each group consisted of 5 female mice. The doses used were 5 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW, 2000 mg/kg BW, and continued to the limit test of 5000 mg/kg BW. The result of this study is that in the preliminary test, it was found that there were symptoms of toxicity in the form of clinical symptoms ranging from doses of 5 mg/kg BW to 2000 mg/kg BW although there were no deaths in experimental animals. In the main test, a limit test of 5000 mg/kg BW was added where 80% of the mice died after 24 hours. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the ethanol extract of tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) leaves had an LD50 range > 2000 mg/kg BW with a classification of slightly toxic to female mice (Mus musculus) test animals.