Legal regulation of independent activity of individuals: socio-economic aspects

Abstract

The article examines the axiological, socio-economic value of law in regulating the independent activity of individuals on the basis of legislation and doctrine. Attention is focused on the fact that law is a social regulator. The relevance of the study is dictated by the fact that at the legislative level, ensuring the growth of incomes of the population, increasing the number of employed people through the development of entrepreneurship and self-employment is ranked as national goals and strategic objectives for the development of Russia. Based on an interdisciplinary approach (using categories and tools from the field of sociology, philosophy, economics and law), a historical and dogmatic approach, the essence and significance of the independent activity of individuals in its various forms is investigated. It is shown that at present there is an urgent need to use sociological, philosophical approaches in the study of certain socio-legal phenomena. This will in a certain way contribute to the effectiveness of legal regulation of independent activity of individuals. The article proves that the legislator, when establishing legal regimes for certain forms of independent activity of citizens, does not take into account the essence and significance of this activity in the universal (philosophical, psychological) and social aspects, as well as the postulates of justice and morality. In this connection, the classification of forms of independent activity of individuals is proposed. Taking into account the national priorities and strategic objectives of Russia, the author divides the independent activity of individuals into individual entrepreneurial activity, professional activity and self-employment (in a narrow sense) according to the criteria: socio-psychological characteristics of subjects, economic prerequisites and legal conditions of activity in a specific form; conditions of responsibility of subjects for obligations in civil turnover. The conclusions formulated in this study are aimed at expanding the understanding of the independent activity of individuals from the perspective of law and society in the context of the legal modernization of the forms of activity of the Russian population.