The Influence of Eurasian Beaver (Castor fiber L.) Activity on the Transformation and Functioning of Riparian Phytocoenoses in the Southern Boreal Zone (European Russia)

IF 1.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
N. Nazarov, Vadim E. Prokhorov, A. Sharifullin, A. Gusarov, F. N. Lisetskii
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The reintroduction of Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber L.) results in significant changes in ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the environment-forming activity of C. fiber on the riparian phytocoenoses of the Raifa forest sector of the Volga-Kama State Nature Biosphere Reserve (Middle Volga region, European Russia) after the reintroduction. Phytoindication methods of ecological–coenotic groups and indicator values were used to assess changes in environmental conditions under the influence of beaver activity. The influence of the beaver reintroduction factor on the increase in the moisture regime (by three points according to the Tsyganov indicator values) and the illumination of habitats, the richness of soils in nitrogen, and the acidity and salt regime of soils (by one point) was revealed. Under the conditions of fodder and construction activities of the beaver, an increase in the proportion of aquatic and wetland groups from 10.2% to 28.2% and boreal plant species from 15.0% to 27.6% was detected. An expansive nature of the change in the degree of landscape occupancy with wetland plants was noted. A decrease in the degree of landscape occupancy (3 to 2 points) of the distribution of ruderal species in the riparian zones of the waterbodies of the reserve due to the activity of the beaver was revealed. Based on phytoindication and ecological–coenotic analyses, it was shown that the reintroduction of C. fiber into the waterbodies of the Raifa forest sector of the reserve is responsible for maintaining the necessary microclimatic conditions for the preservation of natural southern boreal communities. The results obtained can be used for predictive assessment of the influence of the beaver on riparian (small rivers and lakes) plant communities of forest ecosystems in the Middle Volga region of European Russia and other regions of the planet with similar environmental conditions.
欧亚海狸(Castor fiber L.)的影响南北带(俄罗斯欧洲区)河岸植物群落的转化与功能研究
欧亚海狸(Castor fiber L.)的重新引入导致了生态系统的重大变化。本研究的目的是评估在伏尔加-卡马国家自然生物圈保护区(欧洲俄罗斯伏尔加中部地区)的Raifa森林区重新引入C. fiber后,其环境形成活性对河岸植物群落的影响。采用生态群落的植物指示法和指标值来评价河狸活动影响下环境条件的变化。揭示了海狸再引入因子对土壤水分状况(根据Tsyganov指标值增加3个点)、生境光照、土壤氮丰富度和土壤酸盐状况(增加1个点)的影响。在海狸饲料和建筑活动的条件下,水生和湿地类群的比例从10.2%增加到28.2%,北方植物类群的比例从15.0%增加到27.6%。湿地植物对景观占用程度的变化具有扩张性。由于河狸的活动,保护区水体河岸带野生物种分布的景观占用度下降了3 ~ 2个点。基于植物指示和生态-群落学分析,表明在保护区赖法林区水体中重新引入C.纤维对维持自然南北方群落的必要小气候条件起着重要作用。所得结果可用于预测评估海狸对俄罗斯欧洲伏尔加河中部地区和地球上其他具有类似环境条件的地区森林生态系统河岸(小河流和湖泊)植物群落的影响。
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来源期刊
Earth Interactions
Earth Interactions 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
5.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Publishes research on the interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere, including, but not limited to, research on human impacts, such as land cover change, irrigation, dams/reservoirs, urbanization, pollution, and landslides. Earth Interactions is a joint publication of the American Meteorological Society, American Geophysical Union, and American Association of Geographers.
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