Selection of a Dimensionality Reduction Method: An Application to Deal with High-Dimensional Geostatistical Realizations in Oil Reservoirs

IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS
Luciana Maria da Silva, Leandro M. Ferreira, G. Avansi, D. Schiozer, S. N. Alves-Souza
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

One of the challenges related to reservoir engineering studies is working with essential high-dimensional inputs, such as porosity and permeability, which govern fluid flow in porous media. Dimensionality reduction (DR) methods have enabled spatial variability in constructing a fast objective function estimator (FOFE). This study presents a methodology to select an adequate DR method to deal with high-dimensional spatial attributes with more than 105 dimensions. We investigated 18 methods of DR commonly applied in the literature. The proposed workflow accomplished (1) definition of the adequate number of dimensions; (2) evaluation of the time spent for each data set generated using the elapsed computational time; (3) training using the automated machine learning (AutoML) technique; (4) validation using the root mean square logarithmic error (RMSLE) and the confidence interval (CI) of 95%; (5) a score equation using elapsed computational time and RMSLE; and (6) consistency check to evaluate if the FOFE is reliable to mimic simulator output. We used FOFE to generate risk curves at the final forecast period (10,957 days) as an application. We obtained methods that reduced the high-dimensional spatial attributes with a computational time lower than 10 minutes, enabling us to consider them in the FOFE building. We could deal with high-dimensional spatial variability from those selected approaches. Moreover, we can use the DR method selected to deal with high complexity problems to build an FOFE and avoid overfitting when a massive number of data are used.
降维方法的选择:在油藏高维地质统计实现中的应用
与油藏工程研究相关的挑战之一是处理基本的高维输入,如孔隙度和渗透率,它们控制着多孔介质中的流体流动。降维(DR)方法使空间变异性成为构建快速目标函数估计(FOFE)的可能。本文提出了一种选择合适的DR方法来处理超过105维的高维空间属性的方法。我们研究了文献中常用的18种DR方法。提出的工作流完成了(1)定义了足够数量的维度;(2)使用经过的计算时间评估生成每个数据集所花费的时间;(3)使用自动机器学习(AutoML)技术进行训练;(4)采用均方根对数误差(RMSLE)和95%置信区间(CI)进行验证;(5)使用计算时间和RMSLE的得分方程;(6)一致性检查,以评估FOFE是否可靠地模拟模拟器输出。我们使用FOFE在最终预测期(10,957天)生成风险曲线作为应用。我们获得了降低高维空间属性的方法,计算时间低于10分钟,使我们能够在FOFE建筑中考虑它们。我们可以通过这些选择的方法来处理高维空间变异性。此外,我们可以使用选择处理高复杂性问题的DR方法来构建FOFE,避免在使用大量数据时过拟合。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
68
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Covers the application of a wide range of topics, including reservoir characterization, geology and geophysics, core analysis, well logging, well testing, reservoir management, enhanced oil recovery, fluid mechanics, performance prediction, reservoir simulation, digital energy, uncertainty/risk assessment, information management, resource and reserve evaluation, portfolio/asset management, project valuation, and petroleum economics.
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