Experimental manipulation of atoms and photons: Applications in quantum communication, computation and simulation

Jian-Wei Pan
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Abstract

Quantum information science and atom optics are among the most active fields in modern physics. In recent years, many theoretical efforts have been made to combine these two fields. Recent experimental progresses have shown the in-principle possibility to perform scalable quantum information processing (QIP) with linear optics and atomic ensembles. One of our main activities is to use atomic qubits as quantum memory and exploit photonic qubits for information transfer and processing to achieve efficient linear optics QIP. On the one hand, utilizing the interaction between laser pulses and ultra-cold atomic ensembles we experimentally investigate the potentials of atomic ensembles in the gas phase to build quantum repeaters for long-distance quantum communication, that is, to develop a new technological solution for quantum repeaters making use of the effective qubit-type entanglement of two cold atomic ensembles by a projective measurement of individual photons by spontaneous Raman processes. On the other hand, building on our long experience in research on multi-photon entanglement, we are also working on a number of experiments in the field of QIP with particular emphasis on fault-tolerant quantum computation, photon-loss-tolerant quantum computation and cluster-state based quantum simulation. In future, by combining the techniques developed in the above quantum memory and multi-photon interference experiments, we will experimentally investigate the possibility to achieve quantum teleportation between photonic and atomic qubits, quantum teleportation between remote atomic qubits and efficient entanglement generation via classical feed-forward. The techniques that are being developed will lay the basis for future large-scale realizations of linear optical QIP with atoms and photons.
原子和光子的实验操作:在量子通信、计算和模拟中的应用
量子信息科学和原子光学是现代物理学中最活跃的两个领域。近年来,人们在理论方面做出了许多努力,试图将这两个领域结合起来。最近的实验进展表明,利用线性光学和原子系综进行可扩展量子信息处理(QIP)在原则上是可能的。我们的主要工作之一是利用原子量子比特作为量子存储器,利用光子量子比特进行信息传递和处理,以实现高效的线性光学量子ip。一方面,利用激光脉冲与超冷原子系综之间的相互作用,实验研究了原子系综在气相中构建远距离量子通信的量子中继器的潜力,即通过自发拉曼过程对单个光子的投影测量,利用两个冷原子系综的有效量子位型纠缠,开发了量子中继器的新技术方案。另一方面,基于我们在多光子纠缠研究方面的长期经验,我们也在量子量子ip领域开展了一些实验,特别是在容错量子计算、光子容损量子计算和基于簇态的量子模拟方面。未来,我们将结合上述量子存储技术和多光子干涉实验,研究光子与原子量子比特之间的量子隐形传态、远程原子量子比特之间的量子隐形传态以及经典前馈产生有效纠缠的可能性。正在开发的技术将为未来大规模实现原子和光子线性光学QIP奠定基础。
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