Post Disaster Housing Reconstruction after 2014 Gaza Strip’s Conflict: Influencing Factors

Abstract

Post disaster housing reconstruction is taking a good place in the world’s interest due to the repeated natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis and in other cases it is man-made causes, such as the conflicts, which increased the interest of having reconstruction after disasters. The Gaza Strip is one of those areas which had a man-made disaster. 3 conflicts in 10 years and the biggest one was on the third of July 2014, so the necessity of having a reconstruction appeared to be urgent. But Enshassi, et al. [1] said that financial issues are the first key to control the housing reconstruction process in the Gaza Strip. Anyway, the barriers of the post disaster reconstruction are everywhere, but the differences are in the type of challenges. Ismail, et al. [2] showed that community participation, assessment, funding and quality of work are the main challenges of the post disaster reconstruction in many countries around Indonesia. That’s why some development plans should be prepared for such disasters insect, some temporary construction should be done after catastrophes to help people to have some settlement [3]. The Gaza Strip is a crowded country full of buildings. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS, 2017) there were 403,259 housing units and 186,156 Building in the Gaza Strip. And according to General Directorate of Customs Security [4] many of housing reconstruction had been done during the last 5 years. About 800-1100 housing units should be prepared annually in the Gaza Strip to follow the previous situations before the conflict occurring, due to Ministry of Public Works and Housing MPWH [5]. The conflict’s results in 2014 were a catastrophe. Table 1 shows the volume of destruction in the Gaza Strip after the conflict [6]. The 100,000 people had become homeless.