The Range of Bile Acid Cholates in the Bile of Rats With Steatohepatosis Induced by a High-calorie Diet

Abstract

The effect of a high-calorie diet on the dynamics of choleresis and secretion of free and conjugated fatty acids was studied in experiments on rats. They has shown that in comparison with rats fed with the standard food, in rats that were on a high-calorie diet for 20 weeks, the volume rate of bile secretion increased by 12.4 % (p < 0.05). Using the method of thin layer chromatography, it has been found out that in the bile of rats within a 3-hour experiment the concentration of taurocholic acid mixture of taurochenodeoxycholic and taurodeoxycholic acids, the concentration of the mixture of glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic acids, the concentration of the mixture of chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids increased. At the same time, the concentration of glycocholic acid in the bile of rats decreased after 20 weeks of rats’ staying on HCD, the concentration of cholic acid did not undergo statistically significant changes. In this case, the conjugation coefficient remains unchanged and the hydroxylation coefficient has decreased which indicates the activation of some alternative pathway of biosynthesis of bile acids. The incidence of nonalcoholic steatosis, also called as a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is growing rapidly around the world. The growth rate is 30-40 %, which is becoming a huge medical and economic burden for patients and states in the whole [1]. Therefore, the establishment of mechanisms of pathogenesis of steatohepatosis, its consequences and the development of optimal methods of treatment is an urgent problem of our time. Previously, we have shown that the presence of rats on a high-calorie diet No. 11024 (HCD) (diet No. 11024, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ) for 20 weeks leads to the development of metabolic syndrome (MS), on the background of which liver steatosis was recorded [2,3]. On the background of structural changes in the liver, there is a change in its functional state, for the assessment of which it is important to determine the spectrum of bile acids in the bile and to establish a ratio between individual bile acids. Under physiological conditions, this spectrum is quite stable. However, in case of impairments of the hepatobiliary system, the content of individual bile acids can vary significantly. Despite the fact that HCD No. 11024 is widely used in experimental studies, the aim of this work was to investigate the range of bile acids cholates in the bile of rats after 20 weeks of their staying on this diet. Materials and methods. Studies were carried out on male white rats with an initial mass of 210-215 grams. During the first week all rats received the standard food and water ad libitum. On the 2nd week the animals were randomized into two groups. Rats of group 1 received the standard food and water ad libitum and served as a control group. Rats of group II were on the HCD (diet No. 11024, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ), which consisted