Amanda Sales Conniff, Jared Tur, Kristopher Kohena, Min Zhang, Justin Gibbons, Loree C Heller
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Tissues, such as skeletal muscle, have been targeted for the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding vaccines and therapeutics. The application of electric pulses (electroporation or electrotransfer) increases cell membrane permeability to enhance plasmid delivery and expression. However, the molecular effects of DNA electrotransfer on the muscle tissue are poorly characterized.
Materials and methods: Four hours after intramuscular plasmid electrotransfer, we evaluated gene expression changes by RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) pathway enrichment analysis.
Results: GO analysis highlighted many enriched molecular functions. The terms regulated by pulse application were related to muscle stress, the cytoskeleton and inflammation. The terms regulated by pDNA injection were related to a DNA-directed response and its control. Several terms regulated by pDNA electrotransfer were similar to those regulated by pulse application. However, the terms related to pDNA injection differed, focusing on entry of the plasmid into the cells and intracellular trafficking.
Conclusion: Each muscle stimulus resulted in specific regulated molecular functions. Identifying the unique intrinsic molecular changes driven by intramuscular DNA electrotransfer will aid in the design of preventative and therapeutic gene therapies.
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Journal of Mathematical Sciences is now open for direct submissions which will complement English language translations from 11 Russian- and Ukrainian-language source journals. The content of the Journal of Mathematical Sciences is divided into Series A and Series B.
Series A includes direct submissions. The submitted articles must be written in English and should be in the broad focus of the journal as described below. All direct submissions will be reviewed by an international Editorial Board headed by Prof. Alexey Karapetyants and accepted papers will receive professional copyediting. The regular review policy will be applied to each paper: at least two positive independent anonymous reports will be required for the acceptance of the manuscript. Direct submissions must meet high scientific publication standards with clear evidence of the novelty and scientific importance of the results.
The broad scope of the direct submission can be expressed in the sentence “Mathematical analysis in a broad sense”. This means that primarily the Editorial Board are interested in manuscripts in the following fields of study: Mathematical analysis: real and complex variable methods; Ordinary and Partial differential equations; Fractional integrodifferentiation and applications; Mathematical physics; Function theory; Functional analysis; Applied analysis; Dynamical systems; Approximations; Optimization and Optimal Control; Harmonic analysis: real and complex variable methods; Operator theory; Applied harmonic analysis; Analytical methods in probability theory and Mathematical statistics; Mathematical biology; and applications of fields close or related to harmonic analysis, PDE''s, Machine learning. neural networks and other fields mentioned above.
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