Oral manifestations of a patient with cri du chat (5p-) syndrome

Abstract

Cri du chat syndrome (CdCs) is a rare genetic disorder caused by deletion of the end of the short arm of chromosome 5. Affected infants are characterized by a high-pitched monochromatic cry that sounds similar to that of a meowing kitten. The incidence ranges from 1:15,000 to 1:50,000 live-born infants. Oral features of this condition include micrognathia, malocclusions, high but rarely cleft palate, anterior open bite, poor oral hygiene, enamel hypoplasia, chronic periodontitis, and retardation of tooth eruption. This case report presents typical medical and dental symptoms and dental rehabilitation of a 2.5-year-old female with CdCs. The patient was referred to our clinic because of caries arising from poor oral hygiene. The dental symptoms of the patient included hyperemic gingival tissue, abundant plaque, enamel hypoplasia, and tooth decay. Restorative treatment of the caries was completed and oral hygiene recommendations and caries risk factors were presented to the parents.