Cattle Feeding Experiment and Chopping Device Parameter Determination for Mechanized Harvesting of Forage Rape Crop

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of the ASABE Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.13031/TRANS.14341

Xingyu Wan, Qingxi Liao, J. Yajun, Yitao Liao

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

HighlightsForage rape crop could effectively alleviate the lack of green forage for livestock in winter.With the growth of forage rape crop, stem lignification was exacerbated and its palatability degenerated.The relationship between particle length and palatability was explored in a cattle feeding experiment.Optimal working parameters of the chopping device were obtained for harvesting the crop in different stages.Abstract. Forage rape crop, which uses the immature plant leaf and stem of a hybrid rape crop (Brassica napus L.) with low erucic acid and glucosinolate to feed livestock, is an innovative fresh-fed feed material with the advantages of high yield, low cost, rich nutrients, and vigorous growth in winter. In this work, a systematic study was carried out on the relationships among the characteristics of forage rape crop stems, chopping device parameters of the harvester, feeding performance, and chopped particle length (PL) in different growth stages. The results of the stem characteristics tests indicated that stem lignification occurred and increased with growth of the crop from the bolting stage to the silique stage, leading to degeneration of its palatability. The cattle feeding experiment showed that when the bolting rape crop was used, the average feed intake of the cattle fed the chopped rape crop increased by 33.35%, compared to feeding the whole crop without chopping, while the average feeding time decreased by 35.44%. Further experiments on the effects of PL after chopping on feeding performance in different growth stages showed that the optimal PL values in the bolting, flowering, and silique stages were 80, 60, and 30 mm, respectively. Finally, the corresponding cutterhead rotational speeds of the chopping device were calculated as 450, 510, and 1200 r min-1, respectively. This study provides a reference for the development and application of harvesting equipment for forage rape crop. Keywords: Agricultural mechanization, Cattle feeding, Forage palatability, Harvester, Parameter matching.

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饲用油菜机械化采收用牛饲养试验及斩割装置参数确定

牧草油菜作物能有效缓解冬季家畜牧草缺乏的问题。随着饲用油菜的生长，茎秆木质化加剧，其适口性下降。通过牛饲试验，探讨颗粒长度与适口性的关系。针对不同收获阶段的作物，获得了斩割装置的最佳工作参数。饲用油菜作物是利用低芥酸和硫代葡萄糖苷杂交油菜(Brassica napus L.)的未成熟植物叶片和茎来喂养牲畜的一种新型新鲜饲料原料，具有产量高、成本低、营养丰富、冬季生长旺盛等优点。本文系统研究了不同生长阶段饲用油菜茎秆特性与收获机斩割装置参数、采食性能和斩粒长度之间的关系。茎秆特性试验结果表明，从抽苔期到吐丝期，茎秆发生木质化，木质化程度随着作物的生长而增加，导致其适口性退化。饲喂试验表明，采用抽油油菜作物时，采食切碎油菜作物的牛平均采食量比采食全油菜作物的牛提高了33.35%，平均采食时间减少了35.44%。进一步研究刈割对不同生育期采食性能影响的试验表明，抽苔期、开花期和拔节期的最佳采食量分别为80、60和30 mm。最后计算斩切装置对应的刀盘转速分别为450、510、1200 r min-1。本研究为饲用油菜收获设备的开发和应用提供了参考。关键词:农业机械化，牛饲养，饲料适口性，收割机，参数匹配。

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来源期刊

Transactions of the ASABE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING-

CiteScore

2.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： This peer-reviewed journal publishes research that advances the engineering of agricultural, food, and biological systems. Submissions must include original data, analysis or design, or synthesis of existing information; research information for the improvement of education, design, construction, or manufacturing practice; or significant and convincing evidence that confirms and strengthens the findings of others or that revises ideas or challenges accepted theory.