Alien fungi in Lithuania: list of species, current status and trophic structure

J. Motiejūnaitė, S. Markovskaja, E. Kutorga, R. Iršėnaitė, J. Kasparavičius, A. Kačergius, Vaidotas Lygis
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Abstract A comprehensive inventory of alien fungi (excluding fungi-like oomycetes) recorded in Lithuania since the 19th century was performed. The compiled list includes 142 fungal species, the major part of which are plant pathogens (125 species), while mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi (eight and nine species, respectively) are much less represented. The distribution within country and current status of non-native fungi were assessed. Large part of alien fungus species (58) are considered as established, three species (Auricularia auricula-judae, Aureoboletus projectellus, Lecanosticta acicola) are currently spreading, three species (Serpula lacrymans, Synchytrium endobioticum, Tilletia caries) are decreasing, one (Laricifomes officinalis) is considered to be extinct, five saprotrophic species are ephemeromycetes with few records almost exceptionally indoors and not surviving in outside conditions. Status of more than half of the listed species (73) is categorized as unknown as their records are few, suitable habitats and/or hosts are uncommon. The peak of alien fungus recording in Lithuania was in 1980–2000, apparently reflecting an increased frequency of international carriages and the highest peak of national mycological activities. Based on climate change scenarios for Lithuania, further increase of the numbers of alien species is being forecasted.
立陶宛的外来真菌:种类、现状和营养结构
摘要:对立陶宛自19世纪以来记录的外来真菌(不包括真菌样卵菌)进行了全面的盘点。编制的清单包括142种真菌,其中大部分是植物病原体(125种),而菌根真菌和腐养真菌(分别为8种和9种)的代表性要少得多。评估了非本地真菌在国内的分布和现状。大部分外来真菌种(58种)被认为已建立,3种(Auricularia auricula-judae, auoboletus projectellus, Lecanosticta acicola)正在传播,3种(Serpula lacrymans, Synchytrium endobioticum, Tilletia caries)正在减少,1种(Laricifomes officinalis)被认为已经灭绝,5种腐养真菌属短生菌,记录很少,几乎特别在室内,在室外条件下无法生存。超过一半的物种(73种)由于其记录较少,合适的栖息地和/或宿主罕见而被归类为未知物种。立陶宛外来真菌记录的高峰出现在1980-2000年,这显然反映了国际传播频率的增加和国内真菌学活动的高峰。根据立陶宛的气候变化情景,预计外来物种的数量将进一步增加。
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