What role for the pacifier in acute otitis media risk

Joana Peixoto, C. França, S. Barge, M. Branco
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Introduction: Sucking reflex is acknowledged as a comforting mechanism for infants. When used for short periods of time, it is considered a healthy habit. Acute otitis media is one of the most frequent infections in pediatric age and has been associated with pacifier misuse.Objectives: To review available evidence regarding the association between pacifier use in the first years of life and otitis media risk. Methods: A literature search was conducted on several databases using MeSH terms “otitis” and “pacifiers” for guidelines, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies over the last 20 years. SORT scale of the American Family Physician was used to evaluate evidence levels.Results: A total of 56 articles were retrieved, of which four guidelines, one systematic review, and one original article were selected. According to guidelines, there is no reason to discourage pacifier use, as it can be particularly beneficial in the first six months of life. Afterwards, pacifier use should be limited to moments of falling asleep. Its use should also be avoided in infants with chronic or recurrent otitis media. The systematic review stablished pacifier use as a risk factor for recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) which is susceptible to intervention. In the observational study, a statistically significant association was found between pacifier use and RAOM risk.Conclusions: Pacifier use should not be actively discouraged in the first semester of life, as it can have beneficial effects for children (SORT A). Afterwards, its use should be discontinued due to increased otitis risk (SORT A).
奶嘴在急性中耳炎风险中起什么作用
吸吮反射被认为是婴儿的一种安慰机制。当短时间使用时,它被认为是一种健康的习惯。急性中耳炎是儿童年龄最常见的感染之一,与奶嘴滥用有关。目的:回顾有关一岁前使用奶嘴与中耳炎风险之间关系的现有证据。方法:对几个数据库进行文献检索,使用MeSH术语“中耳炎”和“奶嘴”作为指南、系统评价、随机对照试验和观察性研究,检索时间近20年。采用美国家庭医生SORT量表评价证据水平。结果:共检索到56篇文章,其中入选指南4篇、系统综述1篇、原创文章1篇。根据指导方针,没有理由不鼓励使用奶嘴,因为它在生命的头六个月特别有益。之后,安抚奶嘴的使用应该限制在入睡的时候。对于患有慢性或复发性中耳炎的婴儿也应避免使用。系统评价确定安抚奶嘴的使用是复发性急性中耳炎(RAOM)的危险因素,这是容易干预的。在观察性研究中,在安抚奶嘴的使用与RAOM风险之间发现了统计学上显著的关联。结论:在生命的第一个学期,不应积极劝阻使用安抚奶嘴,因为它可以对儿童产生有益的影响(SORT A)。之后,由于增加中耳炎的风险,应停止使用安抚奶嘴(SORT A)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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